|  |  |  | | | | | TE-RegenMed-StemCell feed | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Effective myotube formation in human adipose tissue-derived stem cells expressing dystrophin and myosin heavy chain by cellular fusion with mouse C2C12 myoblasts. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2011 Apr 4; Authors: Eom YW, Lee JE, Yang MS, Jang IK, Kim HE, Lee DH, Kim YJ, Park WJ, Kong JH, Shim KY, Lee JI, Kim HS Stem cell therapy for muscular dystrophies requires stem cells that are able to participate in the formation of new muscle fibers. However, the differentiation steps that are the most critical for this process are not clear. We investigated the myogenic phases of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (hASCs) step by step and the capability of myotube formation according to the differentiation phase by cellular fusion with mouse myoblast C2C12 cells. In hASCs treated with 5-azacytidine and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) for 1 day, the early differentiation step to express MyoD and myogenin was induced by FGF-2 treatment for 6 days. Dystrophin and myosin heavy chain (MyHC) expression was induced by hASC conditioned medium in the late differentiation step. Myotubes were observed only in hASCs undergoing the late differentiation step by cellular fusion with C2C12 cells. In contrast, hASCs that were normal or in the early stage were not involved in myotube formation. Our results indicate that stem cells expressing dystrophin and MyHC are more suitable for myotube formation by co-culture with myoblasts than normal or early differentiated stem cells expressing MyoD and myogenin. PMID: 21473854 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Blocking HIF1α Activity Eliminates Hematological Cancer Stem Cells. Cell Stem Cell. 2011 Apr 8;8(4):354-6 Authors: Lam BS, Adams GB Selective targeting of cancer stem cells (CSCs) has the potential to prevent cancer relapse. Wang et al. (2011) report that hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) represses Notch signaling to maintain CSC subsets from lymphoma, and that blocking HIF1α activity eliminates lymphoma and human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) CSCs. PMID: 21474097 [PubMed - in process] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | A repair "kit" for the infarcted heart. Cell Stem Cell. 2011 Apr 8;8(4):350-2 Authors: Mignone JL, Murry CE Transplanted, c-kit expressing marrow-derived progenitors can enhance the function of an infarcted heart, but the mechanism remains unclear. In this issue of Cell Stem Cell, Loffredo et al. (2011) provide evidence that hematopoietic precursors do not differentiate into new cardiomyocytes but, rather, stimulate production of new cardiomyocytes from endogenous progenitors. PMID: 21474095 [PubMed - in process] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Dopamine Controls Neurogenesis in the Adult Salamander Midbrain in Homeostasis and during Regeneration of Dopamine Neurons. Cell Stem Cell. 2011 Apr 8;8(4):426-33 Authors: Berg DA, Kirkham M, Wang H, Frisén J, Simon A Appropriate termination of regenerative processes is critical for producing the correct number of cells in tissues. Here we provide evidence for an end-product inhibition of dopamine neuron regeneration that is mediated by dopamine. Ablation of midbrain dopamine neurons leads to complete regeneration in salamanders. Regeneration involves extensive neurogenesis and requires activation of quiescent ependymoglia cells, which express dopamine receptors. Pharmacological compensation for dopamine loss by L-dopa inhibits ependymoglia proliferation and regeneration in a dopamine receptor-signaling-dependent manner, specifically after ablation of dopamine neurons. Systemic administration of the dopamine receptor antagonist haloperidol alone causes ependymoglia proliferation and the appearance of excessive number of neurons. Our data show that stem cell quiescence is under dopamine control and provide a model for termination once normal homeostasis is restored. The findings establish a role for dopamine in the reversible suppression of neurogenesis in the midbrain and have implications for regenerative strategies in Parkinson's disease. PMID: 21474106 [PubMed - in process] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Donation of embryos for human development and stem cell research. Cell Stem Cell. 2011 Apr 8;8(4):360-2 Authors: Kalista T, Freeman HA, Behr B, Pera RR, Scott CT Using donated human embryos for scientific research raises ethical questions about the donation process. We describe a two-stage consent process designed to help couples make informed decisions about embryo disposition. This consent methodology minimizes conflict of interest, respects patient choice, and provides a much-needed resource to patients and the research community. PMID: 21474099 [PubMed - in process] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Genetic influences on stress urinary incontinence. Curr Opin Urol. 2010 Jul;20(4):291-5 Authors: McKenzie P, Rohozinski J, Badlani G The purpose of this review is to summarize the current evidence for the genetic basis of stress urinary incontinence (SUI). PMID: 21475072 [PubMed - in process] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Regenerative medicine: DIY eye. Nature. 2011 Apr 7;472(7341):42-3 Authors: Ali RR, Sowden JC PMID: 21475187 [PubMed - in process] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Bioengineering in the oral cavity: insights from articular cartilage tissue engineering. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2011;26 Suppl:11-9; discussion 20-4 Authors: Duraine G, Hu J, Athanasoiu K Cartilage failure in diarthrodial joints results in pain and a reduction in quality of life. The goal of cartilage tissue engineering is to replace or regenerate these mechanically loaded tissues to restore function to the joint. Recent advances in the authors' laboratory have resulted in the production of cartilage and fibrocartilage with clinically relevant properties. A review of salient results will constitute the bulk of this manuscript. After providing a brief background of the clinical problem, this review will highlight several specific tissue engineering tools. The approaches used to produce mechanically functional cartilage through tissue engineering have several parallels to the problems faced in osseointegration, eg, the need for mechanically appropriate tissues at the implantation site. The discussion that follows will focus on how approaches developed in identifying alternative cell sources and various exogenous stimuli for producing new cartilage may be applicable to osseointegration. PMID: 21464997 [PubMed - in process] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Tissue engineering with recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor BB for implant site development. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2011 Mar;32(2):18, 20-7; quiz 28, 40 Authors: Nevins ML, Reynolds MA Currently, PDGF-BB is FDA-approved for periodontal regeneration as part of a dental bone-filling device only. Although this device uses beta-TCP as the scaffold carrier, there has been considerable clinical interest in combining this growth factor with other bone replacement grafts, particularly bone allografts. This article reports on clinical experiences using rhPDGF-BB with bone allografts for implant site development. After careful evaluation of clinical parameters and consideration of current and emerging evidence, the off-label use of rhPDGF-BB was determined in the following case reports to be consistent with good clinical practice and in the patient's best interest. Clinical, radiographic, and histologic observations from the following selected cases are presented to illustrate treatment outcomes achieved using this combination strategy: ridge preservation for extraction sockets with alveolar wall defects; ridge preservation for extraction sockets minimally invasive techniques; lateral ridge augmentation; and sinus augmentation. All of the cases presented and reviewed were surgically managed using 0.5 ml of 0.3 mg/ml of rhPDGF delivered using a particulate bone allograft (FDBA or DFDBA) as a scaffold. Controlled clinical trials are necessary to establish the relative effectiveness of rhPDGF-BB combined with different mammalian scaffolds for alveolar augmentation. PMID: 21473297 [PubMed - in process] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Effective myotube formation in human adipose tissue-derived stem cells expressing dystrophin and myosin heavy chain by cellular fusion with mouse C2C12 myoblasts. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2011 Apr 4; Authors: Eom YW, Lee JE, Yang MS, Jang IK, Kim HE, Lee DH, Kim YJ, Park WJ, Kong JH, Shim KY, Lee JI, Kim HS Stem cell therapy for muscular dystrophies requires stem cells that are able to participate in the formation of new muscle fibers. However, the differentiation steps that are the most critical for this process are not clear. We investigated the myogenic phases of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (hASCs) step by step and the capability of myotube formation according to the differentiation phase by cellular fusion with mouse myoblast C2C12 cells. In hASCs treated with 5-azacytidine and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) for 1 day, the early differentiation step to express MyoD and myogenin was induced by FGF-2 treatment for 6 days. Dystrophin and myosin heavy chain (MyHC) expression was induced by hASC conditioned medium in the late differentiation step. Myotubes were observed only in hASCs undergoing the late differentiation step by cellular fusion with C2C12 cells. In contrast, hASCs that were normal or in the early stage were not involved in myotube formation. Our results indicate that stem cells expressing dystrophin and MyHC are more suitable for myotube formation by co-culture with myoblasts than normal or early differentiated stem cells expressing MyoD and myogenin. PMID: 21473854 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | An ex vivo continuous passive motion model in a porcine knee for assessing primary stability of cell-free collagen gel plugs. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2010;11:283 Authors: Efe T, Schofer MD, Füglein A, Timmesfeld N, Fuchs-Winkelmann S, Stein T, El-Zayat BF, Paletta JR, Heyse TJ Primary stability of cartilage repair constructs is of the utmost importance in the clinical setting but few continuous passive motion (CPM) models are available. Our study aimed to establish a novel ex vivo CPM animal model and to evaluate the required motion cycles for testing the mechanical properties of a new cell-free collagen type I gel plug (CaReS®-1S). PMID: 21159196 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Controlled delivery of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor enhances motor nerve regeneration. J Hand Surg Am. 2010 Dec;35(12):2008-17 Authors: Moore AM, Wood MD, Chenard K, Hunter DA, Mackinnon SE, Sakiyama-Elbert SE, Borschel GH To determine the effect of a motor-specific neurotrophic factor, glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) on motor nerve regeneration. PMID: 21035963 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Perspectives in regeneration and tissue engineering of peripheral nerves. Ann Anat. 2011 Mar 12; Authors: Raimondo S, Fornaro M, Tos P, Battiston B, Giacobini-Robecchi MG, Geuna S Peripheral nerve injury is a common casualty and although peripheral nerve fibers retain a considerable regeneration potential also in the adult, recovery is usually rather poor, especially in case of large nerve defects. The aim of this paper is to address the perspectives in regeneration and tissue engineering after peripheral nerve injury by reviewing the relevant experimental studies in animal models. After a brief overview of the morphological changes related to peripheral nerve injury and regeneration, the paper will address the evolution of peripheral nerve tissue engineering with special focus on transplantation strategies, from organs and tissues to cells and genes, that can be carried out, particularly in case of severe nerve lesions with substance loss. Finally, the need for integrated research which goes beyond therapeutic strategies based on single approaches is emphasized, and the importance of bringing together the various complimentary disciplines which can contribute to the definition of effective new strategies for regenerating the injured peripheral nerve is outlined. PMID: 21474294 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | | | | | | | | | |  | |  | |  |
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