Thursday, March 31, 2011

RegenMD - Kinetic Concepts (NYSE:KCI): Signs of Momentum

     
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Kinetic Concepts (NYSE:KCI): Signs of Momentum
March 31, 2011 at 11:27 PM
 
It operates in three segments: Active Healing Solutions, Regenerative Medicine, and Therapeutic Support Systems. The Active Healing Solutions segment offers advanced wound healing and tissue repair systems incorporating its proprietary Negative ...
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Cytori Therapeutics Selects Switzerland
March 31, 2011 at 11:27 PM
 
Cytori Therapeutics, a provider of innovative, regenerative medicine-based products directed toward serving unmet medical needs, has established its European, Middle East and Africa (EMEA) sales headquarters in Switzerland, reports Mario Brossi, ...
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Board of Trustees appoints two endowed chairs
March 31, 2011 at 7:40 PM
 
Dr. James Martin, professor of molecular physiology and biophysics, was named the Vivian L. Smith Chair in Regenerative Medicine II. Martin is an expert in cardiac development and stem cell therapy and has made major contributions to both fields. ...
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One of the most inspirational women in the world
March 31, 2011 at 12:42 PM
 
Professor Molly Stevens (Materials and Bioengineering) was listed in the science and medicine category for her work in biomedical materials and regenerative medicine. The list was compiled by the newspaper to celebrate International Women's Day on 8 ...
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Imperial College London (blog)
   
   
World Stem Cell Report To Be Published In Regenerative Medicine
March 31, 2011 at 12:42 PM
 
The Genetics Policy Institute (GPI) and Future Medicine have announced that its 2011/12 World Stem Cell Report will be published as a special supplement to the award- winning, peer-reviewed journal Regenerative Medicine. It was also announced that ...
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AuxoCell Laboratories Licenses Umbilical Cord Tissue Stem Cell Service to ...
March 31, 2011 at 9:34 AM
 
AuxoCell Laboratories, Inc. (AuxoCell) is a leading stem cell therapeutic and regenerative medicine company located in Massachusetts. AuxoCell's primary research focus is to develop the enormous therapeutic potential of the primitive stem cells found ...
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AuxoCell Laboratories Licenses Umbilical Cord Tissue Stem Cell Service to ...
March 31, 2011 at 8:14 AM
 
AuxoCell Laboratories, Inc., a leading stem cell therapeutic and regenerative medicine company, today announced an agreement with PerkinElmer, Inc. (NYSE: PKI), a global leader focused on the health and safety of people and the environment, ...
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Stem cell therapy for the bladder--where do we stand?
March 31, 2011 at 6:00 AM
 

Stem cell therapy for the bladder--where do we stand?

J Urol. 2011 Mar;185(3):779-80

Authors: Lin CS

PMID: 21239018 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

   
     
 
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4/1 TE-RegenMed-StemCell feed

     
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Embryonic Stem Cells in Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Development.
March 31, 2011 at 3:24 PM
 

Embryonic Stem Cells in Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Development.

Curr Top Med Chem. 2011 Mar 30;

Authors: Srivastava AS

PMID: 21446914 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

   
   
Scaffold-based approach to direct stem cell neural and cardiovascular differentiation: An analysis of physical and biochemical effects.
March 31, 2011 at 3:24 PM
 

Scaffold-based approach to direct stem cell neural and cardiovascular differentiation: An analysis of physical and biochemical effects.

J Biomed Mater Res A. 2011 Mar 29;

Authors: Chew SY, Low WC

Although stem cell therapy holds tremendous promise in tissue regeneration and disease treatment, its full potential may only be realized through the thorough understanding and capability in specifically directing stem cell fate commitment. A scaffold-based approach of imparting physical and biochemical cues appears to be a logical method in reconstructing the complex three-dimensional configuration of stem cell niches. In fact, interest in this area has gained significant momentum over the recent years. This review summarizes and evaluates the recent outcomes of studies associated with a scaffold-based approach to directing and understanding stem cell neural and cardiovascular differentiation. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2011.

PMID: 21448997 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

   
   
[Therapeutic angiogenesis using gene transfer and stem cell therapy in peripheral artery disease.]
March 31, 2011 at 3:24 PM
 

[Therapeutic angiogenesis using gene transfer and stem cell therapy in peripheral artery disease.]

Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2011 Apr;136(14):672-674

Authors: Nikol S

The world-wide largest angiogenesis gene therapy trial in 525 patients suffering from critical limb ischemia and treated with the non-viral gene construct for fibroblast growth factor (NV1FGF) or placebo was negative for all endpoints. Also, stem cell or progenitor cell therapy did no reveal clinical benefit in patients with peripheral artery disease. Data from large randomized placebo-controlled are still not available.

PMID: 21448824 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

   
   
Early Cellular Pathways of Mouse Natural Killer Cell Development.
March 31, 2011 at 3:24 PM
 

Early Cellular Pathways of Mouse Natural Killer Cell Development.

J Innate Immun. 2011 Mar 26;

Authors: Sitnicka E

Natural killer (NK) cells are large granular lymphocytes that are components of the innate immune system. These cells are key players in the defense against viral and other microbial infections and cancer and have an important function during pregnancy, autoimmunity and allergy. Furthermore, NK cells play important roles in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation by providing the graft versus leukemia effect and preventing the development of graft versus host disease. Thus, understanding the developmental pathway(s) from multipotent HSCs to the NK cell lineage-restricted progenitors is of significant clinical value. However, despite extensive progress in the delineation of mature blood cell development, including the B- and T-cell lineages, the early stages of NK cell lineage commitment and development have been less well established and characterized. Here, I review the progress made thus far in dissecting the developmental stages, from HSCs in the bone marrow to the lineage-committed NK cells in mouse.

PMID: 21447931 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

   
   
Stem cell therapy for cardiovascular regeneration: the beginning or the end of all hearts' hopes.
March 31, 2011 at 8:32 AM
 

Stem cell therapy for cardiovascular regeneration: the beginning or the end of all hearts' hopes.

Pharmacol Ther. 2011 Jan;129(1):1-2

Authors: Madeddu P

PMID: 20950648 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

   
   
[Stem cells for osteoarticular and vascular tissue engineering.]
March 31, 2011 at 8:32 AM
 

[Stem cells for osteoarticular and vascular tissue engineering.]

Med Sci (Paris). 2011 Mar;27(3):289-296

Authors: Vinatier C, Bordenave L, Guicheux J, Amédée J

Tissue damages or loss of organs often result in structural and metabolic changes that can cause serious complications. The therapeutic objective of tissue engineering (TE) is to recreate, regenerate or restore function of damaged tissue. TE is based on the coalescence of three components: a scaffold or matrix from natural or synthetic origin biodegradable or not, reparative cells and signals (hypoxia, mechanical stress, morphogens…). Articular cartilage, bone and blood vessels are tissues for which TE has progressed significantly, from basic research to clinical trials. If biomaterials must exhibit different properties depending on the tissue to regenerate, the cellular component of TE is mostly represented by stem cells notably adult mesenchymal stem cells harvested from bone marrow or adipose tissue. In recent years, progress has been made in our understanding of the biological mechanisms that govern stem cell differentiation and in the development of materials with controlled physicochemical and biological properties. However, many technological barriers and regulations concerns have to be overcome before tissue engineering enters into the therapeutic arsenal of regenerative medicine. This review aims at highlighting the progress in the use of stem cells for engineering osteoarticular and vascular tissues.

PMID: 21447302 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

   
   
In situ endothelialization of intravascular stents from progenitor stem cells coated with nanocomposite and functionalized biomolecules.
March 31, 2011 at 8:32 AM
 

In situ endothelialization of intravascular stents from progenitor stem cells coated with nanocomposite and functionalized biomolecules.

Biotechnol Appl Biochem. 2011 Jan;58(1):2-13

Authors: Motwani MS, Rafiei Y, Tzifa A, Seifalian AM

Owing to their noninvasive nature, coronary artery stents have become popular demand for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Late restenosis, in-stent restenosis, and late thrombosis, all mediated by the denuded endothelium, represent the most recurrent failures of vascular stent induction. Higher patency rates of stents can be achieved by restoring the native internal environment of the vessel-an endothelium monolayer. This active organ inhibits the inflammatory reaction to injury responsible for thrombus and intimal hyperplasia, thereby providing a novel therapeutic option to combat the unacceptably high prevalence of restenosis. As the climax of the nanotechnology era approaches, tissue engineering is being explored by means of exploiting the multipotent abilities of stem cells and their adherence to bioactive surface nanocomposite polymers. The endothelium can be reconstructed from neighboring intact endothelium and adherence of circulating endothelium progenitor cells. The latter takes place via a series of signaling events: mobilization, adhesion, chemoattraction, migration, proliferation, and finally their differentiation in mature endothelial cells. A nanotopography surface can orchestrate endothelium formation, attributable to cellular interactions promoted by its nanosize. This review encompasses the prospect of in situ endothelialization, the mechanisms regulating the process, and the advantages of using a new generation of bioactive nanocomposite materials for coating metal stent scaffolds.

PMID: 21446954 [PubMed - in process]

   
   
Optimizing the medium perfusion rate in bone tissue engineering bioreactors.
March 31, 2011 at 8:32 AM
 

Optimizing the medium perfusion rate in bone tissue engineering bioreactors.

Biotechnol Bioeng. 2011 May;108(5):1159-70

Authors: Grayson WL, Marolt D, Bhumiratana S, Fröhlich M, Guo XE, Vunjak-Novakovic G

There is a critical need to increase the size of bone grafts that can be cultured in vitro for use in regenerative medicine. Perfusion bioreactors have been used to improve the nutrient and gas transfer capabilities and reduce the size limitations inherent to static culture, as well as to modulate cellular responses by hydrodynamic shear. Our aim was to understand the effects of medium flow velocity on cellular phenotype and the formation of bone-like tissues in three-dimensional engineered constructs. We utilized custom-designed perfusion bioreactors to culture bone constructs for 5 weeks using a wide range of superficial flow velocities (80, 400, 800, 1,200, and 1,800 µm/s), corresponding to estimated initial shear stresses ranging from 0.6 to 20 mPa. Increasing the flow velocity significantly affected cell morphology, cell-cell interactions, matrix production and composition, and the expression of osteogenic genes. Within the range studied, the flow velocities ranging from 400 to 800 µm/s yielded the best overall osteogenic responses. Using mathematical models, we determined that even at the lowest flow velocity (80 µm/s) the oxygen provided was sufficient to maintain viability of the cells within the construct. Yet it was clear that this flow velocity did not adequately support the development of bone-like tissue. The complexity of the cellular responses found at different flow velocities underscores the need to use a range of evaluation parameters to determine the quality of engineered bone. Bioeng. 2011; 108:1159-1170. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

PMID: 21449028 [PubMed - in process]

   
   
Delivering on a promise. Interviewed by Kristie Nybo.
March 31, 2011 at 8:32 AM
 

Delivering on a promise. Interviewed by Kristie Nybo.

Biotechniques. 2010 Aug;49(2):545

Authors: Wagers A

PMID: 20945585 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

   
   
[Immunosuppression and mesenchymal stem cells: back to the future.]
March 31, 2011 at 8:32 AM
 

[Immunosuppression and mesenchymal stem cells: back to the future.]

Med Sci (Paris). 2011 Mar;27(3):269-274

Authors: Ménard C, Tarte K

Since their efficiency to treat graft versus host disease has been proven, mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) represent a promising cell therapy approach for the treatment of immune disorders. In this context, much attention has focused on their mechanisms of action, in particular once the fact that their immune properties are also crucial for their efficiency in regenerative medicine was demonstrated. By their production of various and redundant soluble factors, MSC exert powerful anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects targeting the main immune cell subsets. These immunoregulatory properties are essentially inducible by inflammatory mediators. In addition, it is now clear that allogeneic MSC are not immunoprivileged in immunocompetent recipient in agreement with their low persistence in vivo. They should thus display an early "touch-and-go" effect involving both direct interactions with recruited immune effectors and further amplification of this immunosuppression process through activation or conditioning of other regulatory immune cells. A better understanding of immunological properties of MSC will clearly improve their use in clinical settings.

PMID: 21447296 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

   
   
Pluripotency of male germline stem cells.
March 31, 2011 at 8:32 AM
 

Pluripotency of male germline stem cells.

Mol Cells. 2011 Mar 24;

Authors: Kim S, Belmonte JC

The ethical issues and public concerns regarding the use of embryonic stem (ES) cells in human therapy have motivated considerable research into the generation of pluripotent stem cell lines from non-embryonic sources. Numerous reports have shown that pluripotent cells can be generated and derived from germline stem cells (GSCs) in mouse and human testes during in vitro cultivation. The gene expression patterns of these cells are similar to those of ES cells and show the typical self-renewal and differentiation patterns of pluripotent cells in vivo and in vitro. However, the mechanisms underlying the spontaneous dedifferentiation of GSCs remain to be elucidated. Studies to identify master regulators in this reprogramming process are of critical importance for understanding the gene regulatory networks that sustain the cellular status of these cells. The results of such studies would provide a theoretical background for the practical use of these cells in regenerative medicine. Such studies would also help elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying certain diseases, such as testicular germ cell tumors.

PMID: 21448589 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

   
   
The role of WNT10B in physiology and disease.
March 31, 2011 at 6:12 AM
 

The role of WNT10B in physiology and disease.

Acta Physiol (Oxf). 2011 Mar 30;

Authors: Wend P, Wend K, Krum S, Miranda-Carboni G

Wnt10b is a member of the Wnt ligand gene family that encodes for secreted proteins, which activate the ancient and highly conserved Wnt signalling cascade. The Wnt pathway has been shown to be essential for embryonic development, tissue integrity, and stem cell activity, but if deregulated, also causes disease such as cancer. While the 19 different Wnt ligands found in both human and mouse can activate several branches of the Wnt pathway, WNT10B specifically activates canonical Wnt/β-catenin signalling and thus triggers β-catenin/LEF/TCF-mediated transcriptional programs. In this review we highlight the unique functions of WNT10B and mechanisms of how WNT10B acts in the immune system, mammary gland, adipose tissue, bone and skin. In these organs, WNT10B has been well established to be involved in signalling networks controlling stemness, pluripotency and cell fate decisions. Deregulation of these processes causes diseases such as breast cancer, obesity and osteoporosis. Compelling evidence suggests that WNT10B is a valuable candidate for the development of therapeutic regimens for human diseases.

PMID: 21447090 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

   
   
[Human mesenchymal stem cell biology.]
March 31, 2011 at 6:12 AM
 

[Human mesenchymal stem cell biology.]

Med Sci (Paris). 2011 Mar;27(3):261-267

Authors: Charbord P, Casteilla L

This brief overview summarises the main characteristics of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and of adipose-derived stem cells: methods of obtention, phenotype, differentiation potential, hematopoiesis-supportive (stromal) capacity, and immunosuppressive properties. Two points are discussed in detail: 1) criteria for stemness: multipotency, self-renewal, plasticity, and 2) the repair mechanisms implicated in the different indications of cell therapy using these cells: reconstitution of the tissue functional compartment by repopulation consequent to proliferation and differentiation or reprogrammation, stromal effects by secretion of angiogenic, anti-apoptotic, anti-fibrogenic factors, molecules involved in the regulation of inflammation, etc.

PMID: 21447295 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

   
   
[Stem cells for osteoarticular and vascular tissue engineering.]
March 31, 2011 at 6:12 AM
 

[Stem cells for osteoarticular and vascular tissue engineering.]

Med Sci (Paris). 2011 Mar;27(3):289-296

Authors: Vinatier C, Bordenave L, Guicheux J, Amédée J

Tissue damages or loss of organs often result in structural and metabolic changes that can cause serious complications. The therapeutic objective of tissue engineering (TE) is to recreate, regenerate or restore function of damaged tissue. TE is based on the coalescence of three components: a scaffold or matrix from natural or synthetic origin biodegradable or not, reparative cells and signals (hypoxia, mechanical stress, morphogens…). Articular cartilage, bone and blood vessels are tissues for which TE has progressed significantly, from basic research to clinical trials. If biomaterials must exhibit different properties depending on the tissue to regenerate, the cellular component of TE is mostly represented by stem cells notably adult mesenchymal stem cells harvested from bone marrow or adipose tissue. In recent years, progress has been made in our understanding of the biological mechanisms that govern stem cell differentiation and in the development of materials with controlled physicochemical and biological properties. However, many technological barriers and regulations concerns have to be overcome before tissue engineering enters into the therapeutic arsenal of regenerative medicine. This review aims at highlighting the progress in the use of stem cells for engineering osteoarticular and vascular tissues.

PMID: 21447302 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

   
   
Effects of expanded human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells on the viability of cryopreserved fat grafts in the nude mouse.
March 31, 2011 at 6:12 AM
 

Effects of expanded human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells on the viability of cryopreserved fat grafts in the nude mouse.

Int J Med Sci. 2011;8(3):231-8

Authors: Ko MS, Jung JY, Shin IS, Choi EW, Kim JH, Kang SK, Ra JC

Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSCs) augment the ability to contribute to microvascular remodeling in vivo and to modulate vascular stability in fresh fat grafts. Although cryopreserved adipose tissue is frequently used for soft tissue augmentation, the viability of the fat graft is poor. The effects of culture-expanded human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAdMSCs) on the survival and quality of the cryopreserved fat graft were determined. hAdMSCs from the same donor were mixed with fat tissues cryopreserved at -70°C for 8 weeks and injected subcutaneously into 6-week-old BALB/c-nu nude mice. Graft volume and weight were measured, and histology was evaluated 4 and 15 weeks post-transplantation. The hAdMSC-treated group showed significantly enhanced graft volume and weight. The histological evaluation demonstrated significantly better fat cell integrity compared with the vehicle-treated control 4 weeks post-transplantation. No significant difference in graft weight, volume, or histological parameters was found among the groups 15 weeks post-transplantation. The hAdMSCs enhanced the survival and quality of transplanted cryopreserved fat tissues. Cultured and expanded hAdMSCs have reconstructive capacity in cryopreserved fat grafting by increasing the number of stem cells.

PMID: 21448310 [PubMed - in process]

   
     
 
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