| Comparative study of technique to obtain stem cells from bone marrow collection between the iliac crest and the femoral epiphysis in rabbits.
October 24, 2009 at 6:35 am
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| | Comparative study of technique to obtain stem cells from bone marrow collection between the iliac crest and the femoral epiphysis in rabbits. Acta Cir Bras. 2009 Sep-Oct;24(5):400-4 Authors: Eça LP, Ramalho RB, Oliveira IS, Gomes PO, Pontes P, Ferreira AT, Mazzetti MP PURPOSE: To assess the technique for the collection of rabbit bone marrow stem cells from different regions to be used as an experimental model in regenerative medicine. METHODS: Thirty rabbits were allocated into 2 groups: GROUP A, n=8, animals that underwent bone marrow blood (BMB) harvesting from the iliac crest; and GROUP B: including 22 rabbits that underwent BMB harvesting from the femur epiphysis. After harvesting, mononuclear cells were isolated by density gradient centrifugation (Ficoll - Histopaque). The number of mononuclear cells per ml was counted in a Neubauer chamber and cell viability was checked through Tripan Blue method. RESULTS: Harvesting from the iliac crest yielded an average of 1 ml of BMB and 3,6.10(6) cells/ml over 1 hour of surgery, whereas an average of 3ml of BMB and 11,79.10(6) cells./ml were obtained in 30 min from the femur epiphysis with a reduced animal death rate. CONCLUSION: The analysis for the obtention of a larger number of mononuclear cells/ml from rabbit bone marrow blood was more satisfactory in the femur epiphysis than in the iliac crest. PMID: 19851694 [PubMed - in process] |
| Mitochondrial protection and the reversal of left ventricular remodeling.
October 24, 2009 at 6:35 am
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| | Mitochondrial protection and the reversal of left ventricular remodeling. Circ J. 2009 Nov;73(11):2017-8 Authors: Sano M PMID: 19851030 [PubMed - in process] |
| Neuroprotective Effect of Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cell-Transplantation in a Long-Term Model of Periventricular Leukomalacia.
October 24, 2009 at 6:35 am
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| | Neuroprotective Effect of Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cell-Transplantation in a Long-Term Model of Periventricular Leukomalacia. Am J Pathol. 2009 Oct 22; Authors: Webber DJ, Van Blitterswijk M, Chandran S Perinatal white matter injury, or periventricular leukomalacia (PVL), is the most common cause of brain injury in premature infants and is the leading cause of cerebral palsy. Despite increasing numbers of surviving extreme premature infants and associated long-term neurological morbidity, our understanding and treatment of PVL remains incomplete. Inflammation- or ischemia/hypoxia-based rodent models, although immensely valuable, are largely restricted to reproducing short-term features of up to 3 weeks after injury. Given the long-term sequelae of PVL, there is a need for subchronic models that will enable testing of putative neuroprotective therapies. Here, we report long term characterization of a neonatal inflammation-induced rat model of PVL. We show bilateral ventriculomegaly, inflammation, reactive astrogliosis, injury to pre-oligodendrocytes, and neuronal loss 8 weeks after injury. We demonstrate neuroprotective effects of oligodendrocyte precursor cell transplantation. Our findings present a subchronic model of PVL and highlight the tissue protective effects of oligodendrocyte precursor cell transplants that demonstrate the potential of cell-based therapy for PVL. PMID: 19850891 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] |
| Naturally derived materials-based cell and drug delivery systems in skin regeneration.
October 24, 2009 at 6:35 am
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| | Naturally derived materials-based cell and drug delivery systems in skin regeneration. J Control Release. 2009 Oct 19; Authors: Huang S, Fu X The objective of regenerative medicine is to provide cells with a local environment of artificial extracellular matrix where they can proliferate and differentiate efficiently and therefore, induce the repair of defective tissues according to the natural healing potential of patients. For this purpose, naturally derived materials are being widely used because of their similarities to the extracellular matrix, typically good biocharacteristics and inherent cellular interaction. Also, natural polymers can be engineered to release growth factors and related agents in response to physiologic signals to imitate the natural healing process and to promote fast tissue regeneration and reduce scarring in wounds. Although synthetic materials have been used extensively in tissue engineering fields, this review illustrates the contribution of natural materials and natural materials-based protein delivery systems to regenerative medicine research, with emphasis on the application of multifunctional vehicles for cell and growth-factor delivery in skin regeneration research. PMID: 19850093 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] |
| [Embryonic stem cells in pharmacology]
October 24, 2009 at 6:35 am
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| | [Embryonic stem cells in pharmacology] Med Sci (Paris). 2009 May;25 Spec No 2:32-8 Authors: Laustriat D, Gide J, Héchard C, Peschanski M Because of their self-renewal and pluripotency properties, human embryonic stem cells (hES) receive a marked attention from scientists and clinicians for regenerative medicine. The most recent application of hES cells may however reside in their use as a tool in drug development. The currently available cellular models for preclinical testing consist in primary and immortalized cells that display limitations in terms of available amount and likeliness to their in vivo counterparts, respectively. hES cells have the potential to revolutionize drug discovery by providing a physiological model for any human cell type in the desired amount for the earliest steps of drug development, notably for pharmacological, metabolic and toxicity evaluation. This new generation of model may contribute to reduce, refine or replace animal testing and decrease drug attrition. PMID: 19848191 [PubMed - in process] |
| Endoribonuclease L (RNase L) Regulates the Myogenic and Adipogenic Potential of Myogenic Cells.
October 24, 2009 at 6:30 am
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| | Endoribonuclease L (RNase L) Regulates the Myogenic and Adipogenic Potential of Myogenic Cells. PLoS One. 2009;4(10):e7563 Authors: Salehzada T, Cambier L, Vu Thi N, Manchon L, Regnier L, Bisbal C Skeletal muscle maintenance and repair involve several finely coordinated steps in which pluripotent stem cells are activated, proliferate, exit the cell cycle and differentiate. This process is accompanied by activation of hundreds of muscle-specific genes and repression of genes associated with cell proliferation or pluripotency. Mechanisms controlling myogenesis are precisely coordinated and regulated in time to allow the sequence of activation/inactivation of genes expression. Muscular differentiation is the result of the interplay between several processes such as transcriptional induction, transcriptional repression and mRNA stability. mRNA stability is now recognized as an essential mechanism of control of gene expression. For instance, we previously showed that the endoribonuclease L (RNase L) and its inhibitor (RLI) regulates MyoD mRNA stability and consequently muscle differentiation.We now performed global gene expression analysis by SAGE to identify genes that were down-regulated upon activation of RNase L in C2C12 myogenic cells, a model of satellite cells. We found that RNase L regulates mRNA stability of factors implicated in the control of pluripotency and cell differentiation. Moreover, inappropriate RNase L expression in C2C12 cells led to inhibition of myogenesis and differentiation into adipocytes even when cells were grown in conditions permissive for muscle differentiation. Conversely, over-expression of RLI allowed muscle differentiation of myogenic C2C12 cells even in non permissive conditions.These findings reveal the central role of RNase L and RLI in controlling gene expression and cell fate during myogenesis. Our data should provide valuable insights into the mechanisms that control muscle stem cell differentiation and into the mechanism of metaplasia observed in aging or muscular dystrophy where adipose infiltration of muscle occurs. PMID: 19851509 [PubMed - in process] |
| [Tissue engineering - state of the art and in future.]
October 24, 2009 at 6:10 am
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| | [Tissue engineering - state of the art and in future.] Orthopade. 2009 Oct 24; Authors: Meurer A, Brochhausen C, Kirkpatrick CJ PMID: 19851751 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] |
| [Tissue engineering of cartilage and bone : Growth factors and signaling molecules.]
October 24, 2009 at 6:10 am
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| | [Tissue engineering of cartilage and bone : Growth factors and signaling molecules.] Orthopade. 2009 Oct 24; Authors: Brochhausen C, Lehmann M, Zehbe R, Watzer B, Grad S, Meurer A, Kirkpatrick CJ Modern tissue engineering concepts integrate cells, scaffolds, signaling molecules and growth factors. In tissue engineering of cartilage, the growth plate of the long bone represents an interesting, well-organized developmental structure, with a spatial distribution of chondrocytes in different proliferation and differentiation stages embedded in a scaffold of extracellular matrix components. The proliferation and differentiation of these chondrocytes is regulated by various hormonal and paracrine factors. This article discusses some important growth factors in the process of endochondral ossification and demonstrates how this information could be translated into a controlled release system for different tissue engineering strategies. PMID: 19851750 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] |
| Fatigue and human umbilical cord stem cell seeding characteristics of calcium phosphate-chitosan-biodegradable fiber scaffolds.
October 24, 2009 at 6:10 am
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| | Fatigue and human umbilical cord stem cell seeding characteristics of calcium phosphate-chitosan-biodegradable fiber scaffolds. Biomaterials. 2009 Oct 20; Authors: Zhao L, Burguera EF, Xu HH, Amin N, Ryou H, Arola DD Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has in situ-setting ability and bioactivity, but the brittleness and low strength limit CPC to only non-load-bearing bone repairs. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) can be harvested without an invasive procedure required for the commonly studied bone marrow MSCs. However, little has been reported on hUCMSC delivery via bioactive scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. The objectives of this study were to develop CPC scaffolds with improved resistance to fatigue and fracture, and to investigate hUCMSC delivery for bone tissue engineering. In fast fracture, CPC with 15% chitosan and 20% polyglactin fibers (CPC-chitosan-fiber scaffold) had flexural strength of 26MPa, higher than 10MPa for CPC control (p<0.05). In cyclic loading, CPC-chitosan-fiber specimens that survived 2x10(6) cycles had the maximum stress of 10MPa, compared to 5MPa of CPC control. CPC-chitosan-fiber specimens that failed after multiple cycles had a mean stress-to-failure of 9MPa, compared to 5.8MPa for CPC control (p<0.05). hUCMSCs showed excellent viability when seeded on CPC and CPC-chitosan-fiber scaffolds. The percentage of live cells reached 96-99%. Cell density was about 300cells/mm(2) at day 1; it proliferated to 700cells/mm(2) at day 4. Wst-1 assay showed that the stronger CPC-chitosan-fiber scaffold had hUCMSC viability that matched the CPC control (p>0.1). In summary, this study showed that chitosan and polyglactin fibers substantially increased the fatigue resistance of CPC, and that hUCMSCs had excellent proliferation and viability on the scaffolds. PMID: 19850337 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] |
| Naturally derived materials-based cell and drug delivery systems in skin regeneration.
October 24, 2009 at 6:10 am
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| | Naturally derived materials-based cell and drug delivery systems in skin regeneration. J Control Release. 2009 Oct 19; Authors: Huang S, Fu X The objective of regenerative medicine is to provide cells with a local environment of artificial extracellular matrix where they can proliferate and differentiate efficiently and therefore, induce the repair of defective tissues according to the natural healing potential of patients. For this purpose, naturally derived materials are being widely used because of their similarities to the extracellular matrix, typically good biocharacteristics and inherent cellular interaction. Also, natural polymers can be engineered to release growth factors and related agents in response to physiologic signals to imitate the natural healing process and to promote fast tissue regeneration and reduce scarring in wounds. Although synthetic materials have been used extensively in tissue engineering fields, this review illustrates the contribution of natural materials and natural materials-based protein delivery systems to regenerative medicine research, with emphasis on the application of multifunctional vehicles for cell and growth-factor delivery in skin regeneration research. PMID: 19850093 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] |
| Treatment of traumatic brain injury in mice with bone marrow stromal cell-impregnated collagen scaffolds.
October 24, 2009 at 6:10 am
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| | Treatment of traumatic brain injury in mice with bone marrow stromal cell-impregnated collagen scaffolds. J Neurosurg. 2009 Oct;111(4):658-65 Authors: Qu C, Xiong Y, Mahmood A, Kaplan DL, Goussev A, Ning R, Chopp M OBJECT: This study was designed to investigate new ways of delivering human marrow stromal cells (hMSCs) to the injured brain by impregnating them into collagen scaffolds in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHODS: Eight C57BL/6 J mice were injured with controlled cortical impact and received transplantation into the lesion cavity of 0.3 x 10(6) hMSCs impregnated into 3D porous collagen scaffolds. Additional experimental groups of 8 mice each received scaffolds implanted alone into the lesion cavity, hMSCs administered alone intracerebrally or intravenously, or saline injected into the lesion core. All treatments were performed 7 days after TBI. Spatial learning was measured using a modified Morris water maze test, and brain tissue samples were processed for histopathological analysis. RESULTS: The results showed that hMSC-impregnated scaffolds were more effective than hMSCs administered alone (either intravenously or intracerebrally) in improving spatial learning, reducing lesion volume, and increasing vascular density after TBI. CONCLUSIONS: Collagen scaffolds populated with hMSCs may be a new way to reconstruct injured brain tissue and improve neurological function after TBI. PMID: 19425888 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] |
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