|  |  |  | | | | | pubmed: adipose stem cell | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Ultrastructural morphology of equine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Histol Histopathol. 2010 Oct;25(10):1277-85 Authors: Pascucci L, Mercati F, Marini C, Ceccarelli P, Dall'aglio C, Pedini V, Gargiulo AM Mesenchymal stem cells are a virtually ubiquitous population of adult stem cells, able to differentiate into various tissue lineages. As they are multipotent and easy to grow in culture, they are at present considered very attractive candidates for tissue repair and gene therapy. With the exception of a few reports, mesenchymal stem cell morphology has been widely disregarded in the past years. In this paper we discuss the establishment of mesenchymal stem cell cultures from equine adipose tissue and describe their fine structure by transmission electron microscopy. The cultured cells revealed a fibroblastoid appearance and were characterized by an eccentric nucleus with multiple nucleoli, dense cytoplasm rich in ribosomes, a rough endoplasmic reticulum with dilated cisternae, elongated mitochondria and heterogeneous vacuolar inclusions. In addition, they were often interconnected by adhesion structures located on the cell body and on cytoplasmic processes contacting other cells. The features observed are evocative of an undifferentiated cellular phenotype and of an intense synthetic and metabolic activity. PMID: 20712012 [PubMed - in process] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Adipose Stem Cell Treatment in Mice Attenuates Lung and Systemic Injury Induced by Cigarette Smoking. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2010 Aug 13; Authors: Schweitzer K, Johnstone BH, Garrison J, Rush N, Cooper S, Traktuev DO, Feng D, Adamowicz JJ, Van Demark M, Fisher AJ, Kamocki K, Brown MB, Presson Jr RG, Broxmeyer HE, March KL, Petrache I RATIONALE: Adipose-derived stem cells express multiple growth factors that inhibit endothelial cell apoptosis, and demonstrate substantial pulmonary trapping following intravascular delivery. OBJECTIVES: We hypothesized that adipose stem cells would ameliorate chronic lung injury associated with endothelial cell apoptosis, such as that occurring in emphysema. METHODS: Therapeutic effects of systemically-delivered human or mouse adult adipose stem cells were evaluated in murine models of emphysema induced by chronic exposure to cigarette smoke or by inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Adipose stem cells were detectable in the parenchyma and large airways of lungs up to 21 days following injection. Adipose stem cell treatment was associated with reduced inflammatory infiltration in response to cigarette smoke exposure, as well as markedly decreased lung cell death and airspace enlargement in both models of emphysema. Remarkably, therapeutic results of adipose stem cells extended beyond lung protection by rescuing the suppressive effects of cigarette smoke on bone marrow hematopoietic progenitor cell function, and by restoring weight loss sustained by mice during cigarette smoke exposure. Pulmonary vascular protective effects of adipose stem cells were recapitulated by application of cell-free conditioned medium, which improved lung endothelial cell repair and recovery in a wound injury repair model and antagonized effects of cigarette smoke in vitro. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest a useful therapeutic effect of adipose stem cells on both lung and systemic injury induced by cigarette smoke, and implicate a lung vascular protective function of adipose stem cell-derived paracrine factors. PMID: 20709815 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Transcriptional Regulation of a Brown Adipocyte-specific Gene, UCP1, by KLF11 and KLF15. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2010 Aug 12; Authors: Yamamoto KI, Sakaguchi M, Medina RJ, Niida A, Sakaguchi Y, Miyazaki M, Kataoka K, Huh NH Several growth factors and transcription factors have been reported to play important roles in brown adoipocyte differentiation and modulation of thermogenic gene expression, especially the expression of UCP1. In this study, we focused on KLF11 and KLF15, which were expressed highly in brown adipose tissue. Our data demonstrated that KLF11 and KLF15 interacted directly with the UCP1 promoter using GC-box and GT-boxes, respectively. Co-transfection of KLF11 and KLF15 in the mesenchymal stem cell line muBM3.1 during brown adipocyte differentiation enhanced the expression level of UCP1. KLF11, but not KLF15, was essential for UCP1 expression during brown adipocyte differentiation of muBM3.1. PMID: 20709022 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Progenitor-enriched adipose tissue transplantation as rescue for breast implant complications. Breast J. 2010 Mar;16(2):169-75 Authors: Yoshimura K, Asano Y, Aoi N, Kurita M, Oshima Y, Sato K, Inoue K, Suga H, Eto H, Kato H, Harii K Breast enhancement with artificial implants is one of the most frequently performed cosmetic surgeries but is associated with various complications, such as capsular contracture, that lead to implant removal or replacement at a relatively high rate. For replacement, we used transplantation of progenitor-supplemented adipose tissue (cell-assisted lipotransfer; CAL) in 15 patients. The stromal vascular fraction containing adipose tissue progenitor cells obtained from liposuction aspirates was used to enrich for progenitor cells in the graft. Overall, clinical results were very satisfactory, and no major abnormalities were seen on magnetic resonance imaging or mammogram after 12 months. Postoperative atrophy of injected fat was minimal and did not change substantially after 2 months. Surviving fat volume at 12 months was 155 +/- 50 mL (Right; mean +/- SD) and 143 +/- 80 mL (Left) following lipoinjection from an initial mean of 264 mL. These preliminary results suggest that CAL is a suitable methodology for the replacement of breast implants. PMID: 19912236 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Discussion: Sources of processed lipoaspirate cells: influence of donor site on cell concentration. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2008 Aug;122(2):619-20 Authors: Pu LL PMID: 18626382 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Sources of processed lipoaspirate cells: influence of donor site on cell concentration. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2008 Aug;122(2):614-8 Authors: Padoin AV, Braga-Silva J, Martins P, Rezende K, Rezende AR, Grechi B, Gehlen D, Machado DC BACKGROUND: Recently, adipose tissue harvested by liposuction has been identified as a source of processed lipoaspirate cells. The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of processed lipoaspirate cells in adipose tissue obtained by liposuction from different harvest areas in women. METHODS: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in 25 women in whom liposuction in four or more different zones in the same procedure was indicated. After selective liposuction, the material was sent to the laboratory, where it was processed for extraction of processed lipoaspirate cells, which were separated from the adipose tissue, quantified, and characterized through determination of c-kit expression. The following harvest regions were evaluated: upper abdomen, lower abdomen, trochanteric region, inner thigh, knee, and flank. The cell concentration obtained at each site was compared by analysis of variance for mixed models. RESULTS: A significant difference was found for cell concentration obtained at the different harvest sites. The cell concentration in the lower abdomen was greater than in other areas, but no significant difference was found in relation to the inner thigh. CONCLUSIONS: The lower abdomen and the inner thigh may have higher processed lipoaspirate cell concentrations. These sites may turn out to be better sources of adult mesenchymal stem cells. PMID: 18626381 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] | | | | | | | | | |  | |  | |  |
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