| |  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Cell Therapy in Tendon Disorders: What Is the Current Evidence? Am J Sports Med. 2010 Aug 10; Authors: Obaid H, Connell D BACKGROUND: Various types of tissue-derived cells are being experimented with for the treatment of tendinopathy, tendon repair, and use in tissue engineering. PURPOSE: The aim of this systematic review is to explore the current evidence with a view to evaluate the potential of this therapeutic intervention. STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review. METHODS: A review of the literature was conducted using PubMed. Search criteria included keywords "tendinopathy," "tendinitis," "tendinosis," "epicondylitis," "stem cell," and "cell therapy." Articles not written in English language were excluded. RESULTS: A total number of 379 articles were identified and a critical appraisal of the relevant articles was undertaken, which encompassed human and animal research. The review included articles related to various tissue-derived cells such as tendon progenitors, adipose tissue, synovium, muscle, bone marrow, and skin. The utility of cell therapy in tissue engineering and rotator cuff repair was also assessed. CONCLUSION: With the limitation of the available evidence, the literature suggests that cell therapy is applicable and may be effective for the treatment of tendinopathy. However, further research into the precise biological mechanisms, long-term implications, and cost-effectiveness is needed. PMID: 20699425 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Generation and characterization of neurospheres from canine adipose tissue-derived stromal cells. Cell Reprogram. 2010 Aug;12(4):417-25 Authors: Lim JH, Boozer L, Mariani CL, Piedrahita JA, Olby NJ Abstract Adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) have been identified as a powerful stem cell source for cellular transplantation therapy. The dog is increasingly used as a model of human neurological disease; however, few studies have reported induction of canine ADSCs to neural lineages. We characterized canine ADSCs and investigated whether they could be induced to differentiate into neural lineages. Subcutaneous adipose tissue collected from the dorsal epaxial region of adult dogs aged from 1 to 6 years was cultured to produce ADSCs that were then induced to neural lineages. RT-PCR, flow cytometry, and immunocytochemistry were performed to characterize these cell populations. Morphologically fibroblast-like ADSCs were isolated and had similar characteristics to mesenchymal stem cells. Under neurogenic conditions containing basic fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor, ADSCs formed spherical cellular aggregates that resembled neurospheres. RT-PCR confirmed expression of Sox2 and CD90 by these aggregates. Expression of neural stem/progenitor markers (Nestin, Sox2, Vimentin) and neural lineage markers (A2B5, GFAP, Tuj1) was shown on immunocytochemistry. After differentiation, 60% of the cells were Tuj1 positive. In conclusion, we isolated and generated neural progenitor cells from canine ADSCs. ADSCs have potential for future autologous cell transplantation therapy for neurological disorders. PMID: 20698780 [PubMed - in process] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Adipose tissue-derived stem cells from humans and mice differ in proliferative capacity and genome stability in long-term cultures. Stem Cells Dev. 2010 Aug 10; Authors: Danoviz ME, Bassaneze V, Nakamuta JS, Santos-Junior GR, Saint-Clair D, Bajgelman MC, Fae KC, Kalil JE, Miyakawa AA, Krieger JE Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) are among the more attractive adult stem cell options for potential therapeutic applications. Here, we studied and compared basic biological characteristics of ASCs isolated from humans (hASCs) and mice (mASCs), maintained in identical culture conditions that must be examined prior to considering further potential clinical applications. hASCs and mASCs were compared for immunophenotype, differentiation potential, cell growth characteristics, senescence, nuclear morphology, and DNA content. Although both strains of ASCs displayed a similar immunophenotype, the percentage of CD73+ cells was markedly lower and CD31+ higher in mASC than in hASC cultures. The mean population doubling time was 98.08 +/- 6.15 hours for hASCs and 52.58 +/- 3.74 hours for mASCs. The frequency of nuclear aberrations was noticeably lower in hASCs than in mASCs regardless of the passage number. Moreover, as the cells went through several in vitro passages, mASCs showed changes in DNA content and cell cycle kinetics (frequency of hypodiploid, G0/G1, G2/M and hyperdiploid cells), while all of these parameters remained constant in hASCs. Collectively, these results suggest that mASCs display higher proliferative capacity and are more unstable than hASCs in long-term cultures. These results underscore the need to consider specificities among model systems that may influence outcomes when designing potential human applications. PMID: 20698764 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Transplantation of human adipose tissue-derived multilineage progenitor cells reduces serum cholesterol in hyperlipidemic Watanabe rabbits. Tissue Eng Part C Methods. 2010 Aug 10; Authors: Okura H, Saga A, Fumimoto Y, Soeda M, Moriyama M, Moriyama H, Nagai K, Lee CM, Yamashita S, Ichinose A, Hayakawa T, Matsuyama A Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal codominant disease characterized by high concentrations of pro-atherogenic lipoproteins and premature atherosclerosis secondary to low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor deficiency. We examined a novel cell therapy strategy for the treatment of FH in the Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbit, an animal model for homozygous FH. We delivered human adipose tissue-derived multilineage progenitor cells (hADMPCs) via portal vein and followed by immunosuppressive regimen to avoid xenogenic rejection. Transplantation of hADMPCs resulted in significant reductions in total cholesterol, and the reductions were observed within 4 weeks and maintained for 12 weeks. 125I-LDL turnover study showed that the rate of LDL clearance was significantly higher in the WHHL rabbits with transplanted hADMPCs than those without transplanted. After transplantation hADMPCs were localized in the portal triad, subsequently integrated into the hepatic parenchyma. The integrated cells expressed human albumin, human alpha-1-antitrypsin, human Factor IX, human LDL receptors and human bile salt export pump, indicating that the transplanted hADMPCs resided, survived and showed hepatocytic differentiation in vivo and lowered serum cholesterol in the WHHL rabbits. These results suggested that hADMPCs transplantation could correct the metabolic defects and be a novel therapy for inherited liver diseases. PMID: 20698754 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | | | | | | | | | | |  |
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