|  |  |  | | | | | pubmed: adipose stem cell | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Canine adipose-derived-mesenchymal stem cells do not lose stem features after a long-term cryopreservation. Res Vet Sci. 2010 Aug 21; Authors: Martinello T, Bronzini I, Maccatrozzo L, Mollo A, Sampaolesi M, Mascarello F, Decaminada M, Patruno M Adult stem cells are nowadays used for treating several pathologies. A putative stem cell population was found in the adipose tissue of mammals and canine adipose tissue-derived-mesenchymal stem cells (cA-MSC) have been shown to possess the capacity to differentiate into several lineages. The main goal of our research was to fully characterize cA-MSC and examine the effects of cryopreservation on their stemness features. Each sample of cA-MSC was analyzed immediately and then again after being frozen in liquid nitrogen for one year. After the cryopreservation period cells conserved their fibroblast-like morphology, alkaline phosphatase positivity and CD expression but showed a lower proliferation ratio and a lower telomerase activity in comparison with fresh cells. Finally, the cryopreservation protocol did not change the cA-MSC adipogenic, osteogenic and myogenic differentiative potential. Our data demonstrate that stored cA-MSC might represent a promising type of progenitor cell for autologous cellular-based therapies in veterinary medicine. PMID: 20732703 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Stem cells in the treatment of inflammatory arthritis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2010 Aug;24(4):565-574 Authors: Tyndall A, van Laar JM Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) resulted in a positive short-term outcome clinically with low treatment-related toxicity. However, early conditioning regimens were of low immunoablative intensity and most patients relapsed. Mechanistic studies suggest that residual lesional effector cells may have been responsible for the relapses. The introduction of biopharmaceuticals has, for the moment, reduced the need for further experimental studies. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis patients, mostly of the systemic subgroup, have shown nearly 33% durable drug-free remission, but with significant toxicity, including fatal macrophage-activation syndrome early in the programme. Later modifications to the protocol have reduced this toxicity. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), derived from several sources including bone marrow and adipose tissue, are being tested as tissue-regenerative and immunomodulating agents in many autoimmune diseases and animal models of inflammatory arthritis have been positive. MSCs and other stromal cells derived from actively inflamed synovium and peripheral blood of RA patients do not always demonstrate a full range of differentiation potential compared with healthy MSCs, although their immunomodulalatory capacity is unimpaired. PMID: 20732653 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Application of different strain regimes in two-dimensional and three-dimensional adipose tissue-derived stem cell cultures induces osteogenesis: Implications for bone tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res A. 2010 Sep 1;94(3):927-36 Authors: Diederichs S, Böhm S, Peterbauer A, Kasper C, Scheper T, van Griensven M Mechanical strain has become an important tool in tissue engineering for progenitor cell differentiation. Furthermore, it is used to enhance the mechanical properties of engineered tissue constructs. Although strain amplitude and frequency are well investigated and optimal values are known; application of various strain schemes regarding duration and repetition are not described in literature. In this study, we therefore applied singular and repetitive cyclic strain (1 Hz, 5%) of 15 min short-time strain and longer strain durations up to 8 h. Additionally, a gradually increasing strain scheme starting with short-time strain and consecutive elongated strain periods was applied. The cultivation surface was planar silicone on one hand and a three-dimensionally structured collagen I mesh on the other hand. Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells and an osteogenic model cell line (MG-63) were exposed to these strain regimes and post-strain cell viability, osteogenic marker gene expression, and matrix mineralization were investigated. Upregulation of alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, osteopontin, and BMP-2/4 revealed that even short-time strain can enhance osteogenic differentiation. Elongation and repetition of strain, however, resulted in a decline of the observed short-time strain effects, which we interpret as positively induced cellular adaptation to the mechanically active surroundings. With regard to cellular adaptation, the gradually increasing strain scheme was especially advantageous. (c) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010. PMID: 20730929 [PubMed - in process] | | | | | | | | | |  | |  | |  |
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