| CIRM Releases Bank Info That It Once Withheld
November 17, 2009 at 9:39 pm
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| | The California stem cell agency late today released information on a $250,000 contract with Square 1 bank that the agency previously had refused to disclose at the request of Square 1.The move was prompted by inquiries from the California Stem Cell Report about the withholding of the information, which is public record and should have been released earlier.Don Gibbons, chief communications |
| Your own stem cells can treat heart disease
November 17, 2009 at 6:47 pm
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| CIRM's Openness Failures Raise Broader Questions
November 17, 2009 at 4:35 pm
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| | The chairman of the California stem cell agency, Robert Klein, frequently is given to declaring that the $3 billion research effort adheres to the highest standards of openness and transparency.Recently, however, the agency has had difficulty even complying with the basic state public records law and the state Constitution's public access guarantees, much less achieving a higher level of |
| GliaMed to Present Pre-Clinical Data Demonstrating the Regeneration of Tissue through the In vivo Induction and Recruitment of Stem Cells
November 17, 2009 at 9:41 am
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| Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells by reprogramming mouse embryonic fibroblasts with a four transcription factor, doxycycline inducible lentiviral transduction system.
November 17, 2009 at 7:19 am
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| | Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells by reprogramming mouse embryonic fibroblasts with a four transcription factor, doxycycline inducible lentiviral transduction system. J Vis Exp. 2009;(33): Authors: Hamilton B, Feng Q, Ye M, Welstead GG Using a defined set of transcription factors and cell culture conditions, Yamanaka and colleagues demonstrated that retrovirus-mediated delivery and expression of Oct4, Sox2, c-Myc, and Klf4 is capable of inducing pluripotency in mouse fibroblasts.(1) Subsequent reports have demonstrated the utility of the doxycycline (DOX) inducible lentiviral delivery system for the generation of both primary and secondary iPS cells from a variety of other adult mouse somatic cell types.(2,3) Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are similar to embryonic stem (ES) cells in morphology, proliferation and ability to induce teratoma formation. Both types of cell can be used as the pluripotent starting material for the generation of differentiated cells or tissues in regenerative medicine.(4-6) iPS cells also have a distinct advantage over ES cells as they exhibit key properties of ES cells without the ethical dilemma of embryo destruction. Here we demonstrate the protocol for reprogramming mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells with the Stemgent DOX Inducible Mouse TF Lentivirus Set. We also demonstrate that the Stemgent DOX Inducible Mouse TF Lentivirus Set is capable of expressing each of the four transcription factors upon transduction into MEFs thereby inducing a pluripotent stem cell state that displays the pluripotency markers characteristic of ES cells. PMID: 19915522 [PubMed - in process] |
| Regenerative Medicine Special Feature: Bioengineered corporal tissue for structural and functional restoration of the penis.
November 17, 2009 at 7:19 am
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| | Regenerative Medicine Special Feature: Bioengineered corporal tissue for structural and functional restoration of the penis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Nov 13; Authors: Chen KL, Eberli D, Yoo JJ, Atala A Various reconstructive procedures have been attempted to restore a cosmetically acceptable phallus that would allow normal reproductive, sexual, and urinary function in patients requiring penile reconstruction. However, these procedures are limited by a shortage of native penile tissue. We previously demonstrated that a short segment of the penile corporal body can be replaced using naturally derived collagen matrices with autologous cells. In the current study, we examined the feasibility of engineering the entire pendular penile corporal bodies in a rabbit model. Neocorpora were engineered from cavernosal collagen matrices seeded with autologous cells using a multistep static/dynamic procedure, and these were implanted to replace the excised corpora. The bioengineered corpora demonstrated structural and functional parameters similar to native tissue and male rabbits receiving the bilateral implants were able to successfully impregnate females. This study demonstrates that neocorpora can be engineered for total pendular penile corporal body replacement. This technology has considerable potential for patients requiring penile reconstruction. PMID: 19915140 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] |
| O-GlcNAc Mediated Glycosylation Down-Regulation in Mice With Cyclophosphamide Induced Cystitis.
November 17, 2009 at 7:19 am
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| | O-GlcNAc Mediated Glycosylation Down-Regulation in Mice With Cyclophosphamide Induced Cystitis. J Urol. 2009 Nov 13; Authors: Chung S, Kang DO, Yamzon J, Warburton D, Koh CJ PURPOSE: Cyclophosphamide induced cystitis is an established model for the study of bladder injury and wound healing. Glycosylation is an important modification mechanism that regulates the structure and function of secreted proteins and growth factors from inflammation sites. We determined the effect of cyclophosphamide induced cystitis on O-GlcNAc mediated glycosylation in the bladder. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cystitis in WT C57BL6 mice was induced with intraperitoneal cyclophosphamide. Retrieved bladders were analyzed using histology, immunohistochemistry, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot for glycosylation associated factors. RESULTS: Acute bladder injury was seen up to 168 hours (7 days) after injection. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction revealed down-regulation of O-GlcNAc transferase, a key enzyme in O-GlcNAc mediated glycosylation, at the 8, 48 and 168-hour time points. Also, the glycosidase menangioma expressed antigen 5 was up-regulated at similar time points. Western blot analysis revealed decreased glycosylated protein during cyclophosphamide induced inflammation. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge we report the first study of alterations in O-GlcNAc mediated glycosylation activity in bladders with cyclophosphamide induced cystitis. Glycosylation may have a significant role in the bladder wound healing process. Future studies of the glycosylation signaling pathways in the bladder would assist in future potential therapy for bladder inflammatory disease and cancer by elucidating pathways that guide bladder development and wound healing. PMID: 19914650 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] |
| Thermoresponsive self-assembled elastin-based nanoparticles for delivery of BMPs.
November 17, 2009 at 7:19 am
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| | Thermoresponsive self-assembled elastin-based nanoparticles for delivery of BMPs. J Control Release. 2009 Nov 11; Authors: Bessa PC, Machado R, Nürnberger S, Dopler D, Banerjee A, Cunha AM, Rodríguez-Cabello JC, Redl H, van Griensven M, Reis RL, Casal M Elastin-like polymers are a new type of protein-based polymers that display interesting properties in the biomaterial field. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are cytokines with a strong ability to promote new bone formation. In this work, we explored the use of elastin-like nanoparticles (average size 237.5+/-3.0nm), created by thermoresponsive self-assembly, for the combined release of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and bone morphogenetic protein-14 (BMP-14). These BMPs could be encapsulated at high efficiency into the elastin-like particles and delivered in a sustained way for 14days. The activity of the growth factors was retained, as shown by the induction of ALP activity and osteogenic mineralization in C2C12 cells. Increased bioactivity was observed with a combined release of BMP-2 and BMP-14. This approach shows a significant potential for future tissue engineering applications in bone. PMID: 19913578 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] |
| [Induction of hepatic specification of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) in vitro.]
November 17, 2009 at 7:19 am
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| | [Induction of hepatic specification of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) in vitro.] Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi. 2009 Jul;17(7):544-8 Authors: Wang M, Pei HY, Guan LD, Nan X, Bai CX, Liu H, Li BW, Wang YF, Pei XT OBJECTIVE: To induce hepatic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) in vitro. METHODS: hADSCs were isolated from human adipose tissue and treated with improved hepatic medium containing HGF, bFGF and FGF4. After 7 days of culture, OSM was added to the culture media. Cell growth during hepatic differentiation was evaluated by CCK8 assay. Morphology of differentiation was examined under light microscope. Liver specific genes and proteins were detected by RT-PCR analysis and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. And functional characteristics of hepatocytes were also examined. RESULTS: The number of hADSCs cultured in the improved hepatic media was increased significantly in comparison to hADSCs cultured in control media from 5 days to 21days (t = 6.59, 8.69, 15.94 and 24.64, respectively, P less than 0.05). The hADSCs-derived hepatocyte-like cells exhibited hepatocyte morphology, expressed hepatocyte markers, possessed hepatocyte-specific activities, such as uptake and excretion of indocyanine green, glycogen storage and albumin production. CONCLUSION: hADSCs can be induced into hepatocyte-like cells in this differentiation system. And this differentiation system promoted the growth of hADSCs. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2009.07.017. PMID: 19912692 [PubMed - in process] |
| Prolactin induces MAPK signaling in neural progenitors without alleviating glucocorticoid-induced inhibition of in vitro neurogenesis.
November 17, 2009 at 7:19 am
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| | Prolactin induces MAPK signaling in neural progenitors without alleviating glucocorticoid-induced inhibition of in vitro neurogenesis. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2009;24(5-6):397-406 Authors: Wagner K, Couillard-Despres S, Lehner B, Brockhoff G, Rivera FJ, Blume A, Neumann I, Aigner L We recently demonstrated that prolactin (PRL) prevents chronic stress-induced inhibition of adult hippocampal neurogenesis. It remained unsettled, however, whether PRL is acting directly on neural stem and progenitors cells (NPCs) or if neurogenesis is affected by an indirect mechanism, for example through the extensively described effects of PRL on the HPA axis. To address this point, we used neurosphere cultures derived from the adult rat hippocampus as an in vitro model for NPCs. Dexamethasone (DEX) was applied to stress the NPCs, and proliferation, survival and differentiation of cells were examined. DEX markedly inhibited proliferation of NPCs and cells entered the G(0) phase of cell cycle. Moreover, DEX reduced NPC survival and repressed astroglial differentiation, which is normally induced by serum or bone morphogenetic protein application. Even though we could demonstrate that NPCs express the PRL receptor and ERK1/2 signaling is induced by PRL, we did not observe any effect of PRL on NPCs proliferation, differentiation or survival, neither in the presence nor during absence of DEX. In summary, our results indicate that PRL action on NPCs and neurogenesis in vivo occurs via an indirect mechanism. PMID: 19910680 [PubMed - in process] |
| Autologous blood cell therapies from pluripotent stem cells.
November 17, 2009 at 7:19 am
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| | Autologous blood cell therapies from pluripotent stem cells. Blood Rev. 2009 Nov 10; Authors: Lengerke C, Daley GQ The discovery of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) raised promises for a universal resource for cell based therapies in regenerative medicine. Recently, fast-paced progress has been made towards the generation of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) amenable for clinical applications, culminating in reprogramming of adult somatic cells to autologous PSCs that can be indefinitely expanded in vitro. However, besides the efficient generation of bona fide, clinically safe PSCs (e.g., without the use of oncoproteins and gene transfer based on viruses inserting randomly into the genome), a major challenge in the field remains how to efficiently differentiate PSCs to specific lineages and how to select cells that will function normally upon transplantation in adults. In this review, we analyse the in vitro differentiation potential of PSCs to the hematopoietic lineage by discussing blood cell types that can be currently obtained, limitations in derivation of adult-type HSCs and prospects for clinical application of PSCs-derived blood cells. PMID: 19910091 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] |
| Notch signalling in ischaemia-induced angiogenesis.
November 17, 2009 at 7:19 am
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| | Notch signalling in ischaemia-induced angiogenesis. Biochem Soc Trans. 2009 Dec;37(Pt 6):1221-7 Authors: Zen AA, Madeddu P Notch signalling represents a key pathway essential for normal vascular development. Recently, great attention has been focused on the implication of Notch pathway components in postnatal angiogenesis and regenerative medicine. This paper critically reviews the most recent findings supporting the role of Notch in ischaemia-induced neovascularization. Notch signalling reportedly regulates several steps of the reparative process occurring in ischaemic tissues, including sprouting angiogenesis, vessel maturation, interaction of vascular cells with recruited leucocytes and skeletal myocyte regeneration. Further characterization of Notch interaction with other signalling pathways might help identify novel targets for therapeutic angiogenesis. PMID: 19909251 [PubMed - in process] |
| De Novo Design of Saccharide-Peptide Hydrogels as Synthetic Scaffolds for Tailored Cell Responses.
November 17, 2009 at 7:19 am
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| | De Novo Design of Saccharide-Peptide Hydrogels as Synthetic Scaffolds for Tailored Cell Responses. J Am Chem Soc. 2009 Nov 12; Authors: Liao SW, Yu TB, Guan Z A new class of functional saccharide-peptide copolymer-based hydrogels was synthesized and investigated as synthetic extracellular matrices for regenerative medicine applications. The polymer was composed entirely of natural building blocks, namely, galactaric acid and lysine on the backbone, with tyrosine grafted onto the side chain as a handle for enzyme-catalyzed hydrogelation. The resulting hydrogels are degradable under simulated physiological conditions and exhibit minimal cytotoxicity on dermal fibroblast and PC-12 cells. As a demonstration of the versatility of the system, the mechanical properties of the gels can be independently controlled without changing the polymer chemical composition. Using an identical copolymer solution, by simply allowing different lengths of cross-linking time, a series of hydrogels was obtained with different mechanical moduli at constant chemical structure. The moduli of the resulting hydrogels varied stepwise from 1.7, 4.1, 6.9, and 12.5 kPa to allow for systematic studies on the effects of modulus on cell behavior. It was exciting to observe that a simple change in hydrogel physical properties could induce a direct phenotypic change in cell adhesion and proliferation. Depending on the substrate mechanical modulus, the cell morphology changed and proliferation rate differed by an order of magnitude for different cell lines. These data suggest our saccharide-peptide hydrogels as promising synthetic extracellular matrices for cell culture and tissue regeneration. PMID: 19908839 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] |
| Private cord blood banking: current use and clinical future.
November 17, 2009 at 7:19 am
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| | Private cord blood banking: current use and clinical future. Stem Cell Rev Rep. 2009 Sep;5(3):195-203 Authors: Hollands P, McCauley C International private umbilical cord blood banking has expanded rapidly in recent years since the first cord blood transplant which was 20 years ago. Private companies offer parents the opportunity to store umbilical cord blood for the possible future use by their child or other family members. The private cord blood industry has been criticised by a number of professional bodies including the EU Ethics Committee, the Royal College of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, the Royal College of Midwives and the US College of Paediatrics. This review presents the arguments from the opponents of private cord blood banking, and then makes the case for private cord banking based on the latest scientific and clinical evidence. PMID: 19603288 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] |
| Multicenter randomized trial of robot-assisted rehabilitation for chronic stroke: methods and entry characteristics for VA ROBOTICS.
November 17, 2009 at 7:19 am
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| | Multicenter randomized trial of robot-assisted rehabilitation for chronic stroke: methods and entry characteristics for VA ROBOTICS. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2009 Oct;23(8):775-83 Authors: Lo AC, Guarino P, Krebs HI, Volpe BT, Bever CT, Duncan PW, Ringer RJ, Wagner TH, Richards LG, Bravata DM, Haselkorn JK, Wittenberg GF, Federman DG, Corn BH, Maffucci AD, Peduzzi P BACKGROUND: Chronic upper extremity impairment due to stroke has significant medical, psychosocial, and financial consequences, but few studies have examined the effectiveness of rehabilitation therapy during the chronic stroke period. OBJECTIVE: . To test the safety and efficacy of the MIT-Manus robotic device for chronic upper extremity impairment following stroke. METHODS: . The VA Cooperative Studies Program initiated a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial in November 2006 (VA ROBOTICS). Participants with upper extremity impairment >/=6 months poststroke were randomized to robot-assisted therapy (RT), intensive comparison therapy (ICT), or usual care (UC). RT and ICT consisted of three 1-hour treatment sessions per week for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was change in the Fugl-Meyer Assessment upper extremity motor function score at 12 weeks relative to baseline. Secondary outcomes included the Wolf Motor Function Test and the Stroke Impact Scale. RESULTS: . A total of 127 participants were randomized: 49 to RT, 50 to ICT, and 28 to UC. The majority of participants were male (96%), with a mean age of 65 years. The primary stroke type was ischemic (85%), and 58% of strokes occurred in the anterior circulation. Twenty percent of the participants reported a stroke in addition to their index stroke. The average time from the index stroke to enrollment was 56 months (range, 6 months to 24 years). The mean Fugl-Meyer score at entry was 18.9. CONCLUSIONS: . VA ROBOTICS demonstrates the feasibility of conducting multicenter clinical trials to rigorously test new rehabilitative devices before their introduction to clinical practice. The results are expected in early 2010. PMID: 19541917 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] |
| Differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells induced by recombinantly expressed fibroblast growth factor 10 in vitro and in vivo.
November 17, 2009 at 6:45 am
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| | Differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells induced by recombinantly expressed fibroblast growth factor 10 in vitro and in vivo. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim. 2009 Nov 14; Authors: Zhang X, Wu M, Zhang W, Shen J, Liu H The adipogenesis effect of fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10) has been demonstrated in many studies. The aim of this study is to render a novel method which can continuously induce hypodermal adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) differentiation and maturation in vivo and in vitro using FGF10. We constructed a recombinant pcDNA3.0-FGF10-MSC which can continuously express FGF10 by transfected FGF10 into a human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) clone, and we cultured ADSCs from human subcutaneous resected adipose tissue. An in vitro and in vivo co-culture system of pcDNA3.0-FGF10-MSC and ADSCs was then established. We observed the characteristics of ADSCs, monitored the adipogenesis-related transcription factor CAAT/enhancer binding protein-beta, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma, and measured the adipose tissue layer of carrier animals. The results showed that FGF10 secreted from pcDNA3.0-FGF10-MSC could induce ADSC differentiation into mature adipocytes consistently. The study demonstrated that FGF10 can promote the adipogenesis effect in situ, and the autotransplantation of a carrier continuously secreting FGF10 may be utilized for increasing local subcutaneous adipose tissue in cosmetology. PMID: 19915940 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] |
| The effect of VEGF on the myogenic differentiation of adipose tissue derived stem cells within thermosensitive hydrogel matrices.
November 17, 2009 at 6:45 am
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| | The effect of VEGF on the myogenic differentiation of adipose tissue derived stem cells within thermosensitive hydrogel matrices. Biomaterials. 2009 Nov 13; Authors: Kim MH, Hong HN, Hong JP, Park CJ, Kwon SW, Kim SH, Kang G, Kim M We investigated the combination of human adipose tissue derived stem cells (ADSC) and in vivo gel-forming methoxy poly (ethyleneglycol)-poly (varepsilon-caprolactone) (MPEG-PCL) as a muscle regeneration matrix, with and without inclusion of vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF). VEGF(165)-treated stem cell grafts showed significant proliferation and differentiation into muscle tissue in vivo. Importantly, the inclusion of VEGF enhanced vascularization. This scaffold supported preconditioned ADSC, and allowed them to differentiate into mature muscle tissues in vivo, indicating that ADSC of human origin and MPEG-PCL scaffolds provided an appropriate environment for cellular growth and expansion. Our results thus provide a potential solution to the major obstacle encountered in the engineering of thick complex tissues, which require an adequate blood supply to maintain cell viability during tissue growth and to induce appropriate structural organization. Therefore, the combination of ADSC and in vivo gel-forming MPEG-PCL with VEGF(165) might serve as a suitable non-invasive biomaterial for clinical muscle regeneration applications. PMID: 19914711 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] |
| [Nurse involvement in clinical trials with cell therapy.]
November 17, 2009 at 6:45 am
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| | [Nurse involvement in clinical trials with cell therapy.] Enferm Clin. 2009 Nov 12; Authors: de la Quintana Jiménez P Research with stem cells has made a qualitative leap since the research group from Minnesota University Stem Cell Institute in the USA published a study in July 2002, which showed that the bone marrow stem cells of adults multiplied indefinitely without losing their ability to differentiate. In this hospital the first implant of stem cells derived from adipose tissue was performed in this hospital in 2003 in an attempt to close a complex perianal fistula in a patient with Crohn's disease. As a result of this first success, a multidisciplinary research team was formed to study the application of stem cells in the treatment of complex anal fistula. Since its creation, it has included a nurse whose role is fundamental in the coordination of the different phases of the trials and the involvement of patients in these. The development of these new treatments, along with their complexity and direct effects on the patient, involves the training and presence of the professional nurse in these teams. The improvement shown in tissue healing would make it very worthwhile to demonstrate their efficacy in wound care, pressure sores, diabetic foot, etc. PMID: 19914112 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] |
| [Induction of hepatic specification of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) in vitro.]
November 17, 2009 at 6:45 am
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| | [Induction of hepatic specification of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) in vitro.] Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi. 2009 Jul;17(7):544-8 Authors: Wang M, Pei HY, Guan LD, Nan X, Bai CX, Liu H, Li BW, Wang YF, Pei XT OBJECTIVE: To induce hepatic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) in vitro. METHODS: hADSCs were isolated from human adipose tissue and treated with improved hepatic medium containing HGF, bFGF and FGF4. After 7 days of culture, OSM was added to the culture media. Cell growth during hepatic differentiation was evaluated by CCK8 assay. Morphology of differentiation was examined under light microscope. Liver specific genes and proteins were detected by RT-PCR analysis and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. And functional characteristics of hepatocytes were also examined. RESULTS: The number of hADSCs cultured in the improved hepatic media was increased significantly in comparison to hADSCs cultured in control media from 5 days to 21days (t = 6.59, 8.69, 15.94 and 24.64, respectively, P less than 0.05). The hADSCs-derived hepatocyte-like cells exhibited hepatocyte morphology, expressed hepatocyte markers, possessed hepatocyte-specific activities, such as uptake and excretion of indocyanine green, glycogen storage and albumin production. CONCLUSION: hADSCs can be induced into hepatocyte-like cells in this differentiation system. And this differentiation system promoted the growth of hADSCs. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2009.07.017. PMID: 19912692 [PubMed - in process] |
| Application of mesenchymal stromal cells in urological diseases.
November 17, 2009 at 6:45 am
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| | Application of mesenchymal stromal cells in urological diseases. BJU Int. 2009 Nov 13; Authors: Montzka K, Heidenreich A The application of stem cells and their use in tissue-engineering approaches is emerging in clinical therapeutic intervention strategies. The use of adult stem cells, either autologous or allogenic, does not raise ethical concerns, in contrast to embryonic stem cells. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) can be easily obtained from bone marrow or from adipose tissue and further expanded in vitro. Due to their differentiation capacity, MSCs are very attractive for tissue engineering purposes. Furthermore, MSCs secrete a variety of mediators that have beneficial effects on the regenerating tissue. In this review we give an insight into stem cell hierarchy, define the properties of MSCs and summarize recent reports of their administration in urological diseases. PMID: 19912199 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] |
| Adult stem cells in tissue engineering.
November 17, 2009 at 6:45 am
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| | Adult stem cells in tissue engineering. Expert Rev Med Devices. 2009 Nov;6(6):621-40 Authors: Hodgkinson T, Yuan XF, Bayat A Tissue engineering is a rapidly evolving field of research that has yet to fulfil its promise in the translation and potential application of adult stem cells in clinical practice. Recently, it has become apparent that specific adult stem cells are capable of transdifferentiation. The successful application of adult stem cells is thought to be central in creating truly biomimetic tissue. Although still most widely utilized, research suggests that in the future, bone marrow-derived stem cells may no longer be considered the most suitable candidates for use in tissue engineering. Independent studies have successfully engineered a range of tissues in vitro and in vivo using hair follicle- and adipose-derived stem cells. Owing to their potency, relative abundance and noninvasive extraction, these populations may be the most promising studied to date. This review aims to discuss these candidate adult stem cell populations in an attempt to assess the most promising avenues of research. PMID: 19911874 [PubMed - in process] |
| Prospective identification, isolation, and systemic transplantation of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells in murine bone marrow.
November 17, 2009 at 6:45 am
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| | Prospective identification, isolation, and systemic transplantation of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells in murine bone marrow. J Exp Med. 2009 Oct 26;206(11):2483-96 Authors: Morikawa S, Mabuchi Y, Kubota Y, Nagai Y, Niibe K, Hiratsu E, Suzuki S, Miyauchi-Hara C, Nagoshi N, Sunabori T, Shimmura S, Miyawaki A, Nakagawa T, Suda T, Okano H, Matsuzaki Y Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are defined as cells that undergo sustained in vitro growth and can give rise to multiple mesenchymal lineages. Because MSCs have only been isolated from tissue in culture, the equivalent cells have not been identified in vivo and little is known about their physiological roles or even their exact tissue location. In this study, we used phenotypic, morphological, and functional criteria to identify and prospectively isolate a subset of MSCs (PDGFRalpha+Sca-1+CD45-TER119-) from adult mouse bone marrow. Individual MSCs generated colonies at a high frequency and could differentiate into hematopoietic niche cells, osteoblasts, and adipocytes after in vivo transplantation. Naive MSCs resided in the perivascular region in a quiescent state. This study provides the useful method needed to identify MSCs as defined in vivo entities. PMID: 19841085 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] |
| Adipose-derived cardiomyogenic cells: in vitro expansion and functional improvement in a mouse model of myocardial infarction.
November 17, 2009 at 6:45 am
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| | Adipose-derived cardiomyogenic cells: in vitro expansion and functional improvement in a mouse model of myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc Res. 2009 Sep 1;83(4):757-67 Authors: Léobon B, Roncalli J, Joffre C, Mazo M, Boisson M, Barreau C, Calise D, Arnaud E, André M, Pucéat M, Pénicaud L, Prosper F, Planat-Bénard V, Casteilla L AIMS: Cells derived from the stroma vascular fraction (SVF) of mouse adipose tissue can spontaneously give rise to rare, functional, cardiac-like cells in vitro. This study aimed to improve the production of adipose-derived cardiomyogenic cells (AD-CMG), to characterize them and to assess their cardiac fate and functional outcomes after their administration in a mouse model of acute myocardial infarction. METHODS AND RESULTS: The culture process optimized to improve in vitro cardiac specification consisted of a primary culture of murine SVF cells in semi-solid methylcellulose medium, a selection of AD-CMG cell clusters, and a secondary culture and expansion in BHK21 medium. AD-CMG cells were CD29(+), CD31(-), CD34(-), CD44(+), CD45(-), CD81(+), CD90(-), CD117(-), and Flk-1(-) and expressed several cardiac contractile proteins. After 1, 2, and 4 weeks of their injection in mice having acute myocardial infarction, a strong presence of green fluorescent protein-positive cells was identified by immunohistochemistry as well as quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Echocardiography showed a significant reduction of remodelling and stability of left ventricle ejection fraction in the AD-CMG cell-treated group vs. controls. Vascular density analysis revealed that AD-CMG administration was also associated with stimulation of angiogenesis in peri-infarct areas. CONCLUSION: Cardiomyogenic cells can be selected and expanded in large amounts from mouse adipose tissue. They can survive and differentiate in an acute myocardial infarction model, avoiding remodelling and impairment of cardiac function, and can promote neo-vascularization in the ischaemic heart. PMID: 19505931 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] |
| Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stromal cells in a mouse breast cancer metastasis model.
November 17, 2009 at 6:45 am
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| | Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stromal cells in a mouse breast cancer metastasis model. Cytotherapy. 2009;11(3):289-98, 1 p following 298 Authors: Sun B, Roh KH, Park JR, Lee SR, Park SB, Jung JW, Kang SK, Lee YS, Kang KS BACKGROUND AIMS: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have been studied intensively in regenerative medicine. However, their therapeutic potential against tumor formation and cancer metastasis is still unclear. The effects of transplantation of MSCs in early-stage of carcinogenesis, should be evaluated. METHODS: MSC isolated from human umbilical cord blood (UCB) and adipose tissue (AD) were transplanted in a mouse cancer metastasis model. The effects of MSC on tumor growth and metastasis were analyzed. The effects of transplantation of MSC into the mouse model at very early stage carcinogenesis were also evaluated. RESULTS: Human MSC reduced lung metastasis and inhibited the growth of human breast cancer cells by inducing apoptosis. In addition, transplantation of both UCB and AD MSC into a cancer model with no detectable clinical symptoms did not appear to promote tumor growth or metastasis. CONCLUSIONS: We evaluated the effect of MSC derived from human UCB and AD tissue in a tumor model. Our findings may help to elucidate the interaction between cancer cells and MSC, as well as the application of MSC to clinical trials. PMID: 19308770 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] | | | 
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