| Printed with permission of Rodale Books Fantastic Voyage: Live Long Enough to Live Forever. The Science Behind Radical Life Extension - Questions and Answers.
September 12, 2009 at 7:37 am
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| | Printed with permission of Rodale Books Fantastic Voyage: Live Long Enough to Live Forever. The Science Behind Radical Life Extension - Questions and Answers. Stud Health Technol Inform. 2009;149:187-94 Authors: Kurzweil R, Grossman T Putting an end to human aging is now becoming a reality, and immortality is no longer just a dream. Through what we are calling "Fantastic Voyage," we provide a guide to achieving life extension through various means, thereby slowing down aging and disease processes. The three components of Fantastic Voyage are: Bridge One - Aggressively applying today's knowledge. Bridge Two - Putting biotechnology, such as gene technologies, to use with therapeutic cloning and rejuvenation medicine. Bridge Three - Putting nanotechnology to use by developing a means to rebuild our bodies and brains with nanobots. Many of these technology solutions can be simulated today through the use of targeted supplements, designed to address the specific needs of an individual, such as insulin resistance, cholesterol and homocysteine levels, and inflammation. To slow aging now, we propose a program of supplementing aggressively, eating foods that impede aging and disease processes, and reversing inflammation through diet. We also provide guidance to customize each program to the specific needs of the individual. Emerging technologies in rational drug design, tissue engineering, gene therapy, and nanobots (among others) promise a future of automated life extension. The use of such technologies, and the resulting dramatic increases in productivity in all areas of human endeavor, will enable us to live in a world in which all our physical needs can be met. PMID: 19745481 [PubMed - in process] |
| Strategy for the Future of Health: Goal Formation and ITicine.
September 12, 2009 at 7:37 am
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| | Strategy for the Future of Health: Goal Formation and ITicine. Stud Health Technol Inform. 2009;149:3-18 Authors: Bushko RG This article shows the importance of goal setting in strategy development and presents the Future of Health Technology Institute's www.fhti.org goals as an example of goals that have transformative power. It also provides synthesis and developmental history of the "Strategy for the Future of Health" book while examining collective book design as a strategy development tool. It emphasizes unprecedented technological revolution manifesting itself in the convergence of molecular biology, computer and medical science, electrical, mechanical, genetic and biomedical engineering (including cell, molecular and tissue engineering) resulting in the merger of information technology (IT) with medicine and the formation of "ITicine". PMID: 19745468 [PubMed - in process] |
| Tissue engineering in fractured mandible reconstruction.
September 12, 2009 at 7:37 am
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| | Tissue engineering in fractured mandible reconstruction. Stud Health Technol Inform. 2009;150:788 Authors: Robu A, Stoicu-Tivadar L The paper presents an overview of human tissue engineering and modelling-simulating methods currently in use. Tissue engineering is a promising alternative for the reconstruction of altered or totally damaged biological tissue, applied to eliminate the complications associated to traditional transplants. PMID: 19745420 [PubMed - in process] |
| The support of matrix accumulation and the promotion of sheep articular cartilage defects repair in vivo by chitosan hydrogels.
September 12, 2009 at 7:37 am
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| | The support of matrix accumulation and the promotion of sheep articular cartilage defects repair in vivo by chitosan hydrogels. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2009 Sep 1; Authors: Hao T, Wen N, Cao JK, Wang HB, Lü SH, Liu T, Lin QX, Duan CM, Wang CY OBJECTIVE: Chitosan has been widely used as an injectable scaffold in cartilage tissue engineering due to its characteristic biocompatibility and biodegradability. In this study, chitosan was used in its hydrogel form as a scaffold for chondrocytes that act to reconstruct tissue-engineered cartilage and repair articular cartilage defects in the sheep model. This study aims to find a novel way to apply chitosan in cartilage tissue engineering. METHODS: Temperature-responsive chitosan hydrogels were prepared by combining chitosan, beta-sodium glycerophosphate (GP) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC). Tissue-engineered cartilage reconstructions were made in vitro by mixing sheep chondrocytes with a chitosan hydrogel. Cell survival and matrix accumulation were analyzed after 3 weeks in culture. To collect data for in vivo repair, reconstructions cultured for 1 day were transplanted to the freshly prepared defects of the articular cartilage of sheep. Then at both 12 and 24 weeks after transplantation, the grafts were extracted and analyzed histologically and immunohistochemically. RESULTS: The results showed that the chondrocytes in the reconstructed cartilage survived and retained their ability to secrete matrix when cultured in vitro. Transplanted in vivo, the reconstructions repaired cartilage defects completely within 24 weeks. The implantation of chitosan hydrogels without chondrocytes also helps to repair cartilage defects. CONCLUSIONS: The chitosan-based hydrogel could support matrix accumulation of chondrocytes and could repair sheep cartilage defects in 24 weeks. This study showcased the success of a new technique in its ability to repair articular cartilage defects. PMID: 19744589 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] |
| Ab initio calcineurin inhibitor-based monotherapy immunosuppression after liver transplantation reduces the risk for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia.
September 12, 2009 at 6:20 am
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| | Ab initio calcineurin inhibitor-based monotherapy immunosuppression after liver transplantation reduces the risk for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. Transpl Infect Dis. 2009 Sep 9; Authors: Orlando G, Tariciotti L, Manzia TM, Gravante G, Sorge R, Manuelli M, Pisani F, Di Cocco P, Scelzo C, Burke GM, Soker S, Baiocchi L, Lerut J, Angelico M, Tisone G G. Orlando, L. Tariciotti, T.M. Manzia, G. Gravante, R. Sorge, M. Manuelli, F. Pisani, P. Di Cocco, C. Scelzo, G.M. Burke, S. Soker, L. Baiocchi, J. Lerut, M. Angelico, G. Tisone. Ab initio calcineurin inhibitor-based monotherapy immunosuppression after liver transplantation reduces the risk for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. Transpl Infect Dis 2009. All rights reserved Abstract: At the Tor Vergata University of Rome, ab initio calcineurin inhibitor-based monotherapy immunosuppression (IS) is the standard of treatment after liver transplantation (LT). As the net state of IS determines the onset of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP), we hypothesized that, in the presence of weak impairment of the immune function, as determined by the above-mentioned IS, the host is not overexposed to the risk for PCP and consequently the specific anti-PCP prophylaxis is unnecessary. In a single-cohort descriptive study, we retrospectively investigated the incidence of PCP in 203 LT patients who did not receive anti-PCP prophylaxis because they were under monotherapy IS. The primary endpoint of the study was the incidence of PCP during the first 12 months following LT; secondary endpoints were the incidence of acute rejection requiring additional IS and of CMV infection. No cases of PCP were recorded. The incidence of CMV and acute rejection was 3.9% and 0.9%, respectively. Our data suggest that monotherapy IS after LT may nullify the risk for PCP even in the absence of any specific prophylaxis. PMID: 19744283 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] |
| Mapping 3-Dimensional Neovessel Organization Steps Using Micro-Computed Tomography in a Murine Model of Hindlimb Ischemia.
September 12, 2009 at 6:15 am
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| | Mapping 3-Dimensional Neovessel Organization Steps Using Micro-Computed Tomography in a Murine Model of Hindlimb Ischemia. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2009 Sep 10; Authors: Oses P, Renault MA, Chauvel R, Leroux L, Allières C, Séguy B, Lamazière JM, Dufourcq P, Couffinhal T, Duplàa C OBJECTIVE: Studying the mechanisms of neovascularization and evaluating the effects of proangiogenic strategies require accurate analysis of the neovascular network. We sought to evaluate the contribution of the microcomputed tomography (mCT) providing high-resolution 3-dimensional (3D) structural data, to a better comprehension of the well-studied mouse hindlimb postischemic neovascularization. METHODS AND RESULTS: We showed a predominant arteriogenesis process in the thigh and a predominant angiogenesis-related process in the tibiofibular region, in response to ischemia during the first 15 days. After 15 days, mCT quantitative analysis reveals a remodeling of arterial neovessels and a regression depending on the restoration of the blood flow. We provided also new mCT data on the rapid and potent angiogenic effects of mesenchymal stem cell therapy on vessel formation and organization. We discussed the contribution of this technique compared with or in addition to data generated by the more conventional approaches. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that optimized mCT is a robust method for providing new insights into the 3D understanding of postischemic vessel formation. PMID: 19745199 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] |
| Cross-talk between BubR1 expression and commitment to differentiate in adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
September 12, 2009 at 6:11 am
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| | Cross-talk between BubR1 expression and commitment to differentiate in adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Exp Mol Med. 2009 Sep 11; Authors: Lee J, Lee CG, Lee KW, Lee CW The BubR1 mitotic checkpoint kinase monitors attachment of microtubules to kinetochores and links regulation of chromosome-spindle attachment to mitotic checkpoint signaling. Defects in BubR1-mediated signaling severely perturb checkpoint control and are linked to diseases such as cancer. Studies with BubR1 mouse models suggest that BubR1 activities prevent premature aging and infertility. In this study, we show that BubR1 depletion in human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) precedes the loss of differentiation potential and the induction of replicative senescence. These effects occur independently of p16(INK4A) expression and may involve DNA methylation. Our data therefore reveal a new and unsuspected feature of BubR1 expression in the regulation of adult stem cell differentiation. PMID: 19745606 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] | | | 
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