| U of T researchers identify protein
September 4, 2009 at 2:46 pm
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| Hybrid structure in PCL-HAp scaffold resulting from biomimetic apatite growth.
September 4, 2009 at 7:49 am
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| | Hybrid structure in PCL-HAp scaffold resulting from biomimetic apatite growth. J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2009 Aug 29; Authors: Lebourg M, Antón JS, Ribelles JL Polymer-ceramic composites are favourite candidates when aiming to replace bone tissue. We present here scaffolds made of polycaprolactone-hydroxyapatite (PCL-HAp) composites, and investigate in vitro mineralisation of the scaffolds in SBF after or without a nucleation treatment. In vitro bioactivity is enhanced by HAp incorporation as well as by nucleation treatment, as demonstrated by simulated body fluid (SBF) mineralization. Surprisingly, we obtained a hybrid interconnected organic-inorganic structure, as a result of micropore invasion by biomimetic apatite, which results in a mechanical strengthening of the material after two weeks of immersion in SBFx2. The presented scaffolds, due to their multiple qualities, are expected to be valuable supports for bone tissue engineering. PMID: 19728046 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] |
| ES, iPS, MSC, and AFS cells. Stem cells exploitation for Pediatric Surgery: current research and perspective.
September 4, 2009 at 7:49 am
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| | ES, iPS, MSC, and AFS cells. Stem cells exploitation for Pediatric Surgery: current research and perspective. Pediatr Surg Int. 2009 Sep 1; Authors: Pozzobon M, Ghionzoli M, De Coppi P Despite the advancements that have been made in treating infants with congenital malformations, these still represent a major cause of disease and death during the first years of life and childhood. Regeneration of natural tissue from living cells to restore damaged tissues and organs is the main purpose of regenerative medicine. This relatively new field has emerged by the combination of tissue engineering and stem cell transplantation as a possible strategy for the replacement of damaged organs or tissues. This review would like to offer an insight on the latest evolution of stem cells with a glance at their possible application for regenerative medicine, particularly in the Paediatric Surgery field. PMID: 19727766 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] |
| In vitro Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cultured with Hardystonite (Ca2ZnSi2O7) and {beta}-TCP Ceramics.
September 4, 2009 at 7:49 am
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| | In vitro Proliferation and Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cultured with Hardystonite (Ca2ZnSi2O7) and {beta}-TCP Ceramics. J Biomater Appl. 2009 Sep 2; Authors: Lu H, Kawazoe N, Tateishi T, Chen G, Jin X, Chang J The effects of hardystonite (Ca2ZnSi2O7, CSZn) and tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP) on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were compared by directly culturing MSCs on ceramic disks (contact mode) or separately culturing cells with ceramic disks (non-contact mode). In non-contact mode, the CSZn ceramic supported MSC proliferation more strongly than did the beta-TCP ceramic. However, in contact mode, the MSCs proliferated more quickly on the beta-TCP ceramic than they did on the CSZn ceramic. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and osteogenic gene expression analysis showed that the CSZn and beta-TCP ceramics had significant effects on the promotion of the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs in both non-contact and contact mode. Furthermore, in contact mode, the CSZn disk promoted the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs more strongly than did the beta-TCP disks. Even without the induction of dexamethasone and beta-glycerophosphate, CSZn stimulated the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. These results suggest that CSZn ceramic would be a useful candidate material for bone regeneration and hard tissue engineering. PMID: 19726532 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] |
| [Biocompatibility of polylactic-co-glycolic acid for culturing bFGF gene-transfected bone marrow stromal cells and application of the cell complex for repairing rabbit cartilage defect.]
September 4, 2009 at 7:49 am
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| | [Biocompatibility of polylactic-co-glycolic acid for culturing bFGF gene-transfected bone marrow stromal cells and application of the cell complex for repairing rabbit cartilage defect.] Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao. 2009 Jun;29(6):1123-6 Authors: Cao B, Xu ZS, Xiao DM, Lin BW, Lu XH, Li R OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the biocompatibility of polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) for culturing bFGF gene-transfected bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and assess the feasibility of this cell complex for repairing cartilage defect in rabbits using tissue engineering method. METHODS: BMSCs transfected by bFGF gene were cultured on PLGA matrix to assess the biocompatibility of PLGA. The cell complex was then implanted into the cartilage defect in rabbits, and its effect in cartilage defect repair was evaluated by histological observation and immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: BMSCs transfected by bFGF gene grew normally on PLGA matrix. After implantation, the complex showed good effect for cartilage defect repair in rabbits. CONCLUSION: PLGA has good biocompatibility with the transfected BMSCs, and the cell complex can be used for repairing rabbit cartilage defect and may potentially serve as a substitute of cartilage autograft. PMID: 19726338 [PubMed - in process] |
| ES, iPS, MSC, and AFS cells. Stem cells exploitation for Pediatric Surgery: current research and perspective.
September 4, 2009 at 6:48 am
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| | ES, iPS, MSC, and AFS cells. Stem cells exploitation for Pediatric Surgery: current research and perspective. Pediatr Surg Int. 2009 Sep 1; Authors: Pozzobon M, Ghionzoli M, De Coppi P Despite the advancements that have been made in treating infants with congenital malformations, these still represent a major cause of disease and death during the first years of life and childhood. Regeneration of natural tissue from living cells to restore damaged tissues and organs is the main purpose of regenerative medicine. This relatively new field has emerged by the combination of tissue engineering and stem cell transplantation as a possible strategy for the replacement of damaged organs or tissues. This review would like to offer an insight on the latest evolution of stem cells with a glance at their possible application for regenerative medicine, particularly in the Paediatric Surgery field. PMID: 19727766 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] |
| [Possibility of iPS cells (discussion)]
September 4, 2009 at 6:48 am
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| | [Possibility of iPS cells (discussion)] Brain Nerve. 2009 Jun;61(6):711-8 Authors: Okano H, Yamanaka S, Tsuji S PMID: 19658270 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] |
| [Cell transplantation and regenerative therapy for neurological disorders--special reference to cerebral ischemia]
September 4, 2009 at 6:48 am
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| | [Cell transplantation and regenerative therapy for neurological disorders--special reference to cerebral ischemia] No To Hattatsu. 2009 May;41(3):197-202 Authors: Yasuhara T, Date I PMID: 19517790 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] |
| [Neurosurgical approaches to pediatric neurological disorders. Introduction]
September 4, 2009 at 6:48 am
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| | [Neurosurgical approaches to pediatric neurological disorders. Introduction] No To Hattatsu. 2009 May;41(3):172-4 Authors: Date H, Oi S PMID: 19517785 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] |
| Androgen mediated improvement of body composition and muscle function involves a novel early transcriptional program including IGF-1, MGF and induction of beta-catenin.
September 4, 2009 at 6:04 am
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| | Androgen mediated improvement of body composition and muscle function involves a novel early transcriptional program including IGF-1, MGF and induction of beta-catenin. J Mol Endocrinol. 2009 Sep 2; Authors: Gentile MA, Nantermet PV, Vogel RL, Phillips R, Holder D, Hodor P, Dai H, Cheng C, Freedman LP, Ray WJ Androgens promote anabolism in the musculoskeletal system while repressing adiposity, leading to favorable body composition. Circulating androgens decline with age, contributing to frailty, osteoporosis, and obesity, however the mechanisms by which androgens promote favorable body composition are largely unknown. Here we demonstrate that aged castrated rats develop increased fat mass, reduced muscle mass and strength, and lower bone mass. Treatment with testosterone (T) or 5a-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) reverses the effects on muscle and adipose tissues while only aromatizable T increased bone mass. During the first week, DHT transiently increased soleus muscle nuclear density and induced expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and its splice variant mechano growth factor (MGF) without early regulation of the myogenic factors MyoD, myogenin, MNF, or myostatin. Thus a genome-wide microarray screen was performed to identify potential pro-myogenic genes that respond to androgen receptor activation in vivo within 24 hours. Of 24,000 genes examined, 70 candidate genes were identified whose functions suggest initiation of remodeling and regeneration, including the type II muscle genes for myosin heavy chain II and parvalbumin and the chemokine MCP-1. Interestingly, Axin and Axin2, negative regulators of Beta-catenin, were repressed, indicating modulation of the Beta-catenin. DHT increased total levels of Beta-catenin protein, which accumulated in nuclei in vivo. Likewise, treatment of C2C12 myoblasts with both IGF-1Ea and MGF c-terminal peptide increased nuclear Beta-catenin in vitro. Thus we propose that androgenic anabolism involves downregulation of axin, and induction of IGF-1, leading to nuclear accumulation of Beta-catenin, a pro-myogenic, anti-adipogenic stem cell regulatory factor. PMID: 19726620 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] |
| [Regenerative medicine for anti-aging]
September 4, 2009 at 6:04 am
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| | [Regenerative medicine for anti-aging] Nippon Rinsho. 2009 Jul;67(7):1402-6 Authors: Ebisawa K, Kagami H, Kato R, Yamada Y, Ueda M Regenerative medicine refers to research and treatments that restore damaged tissues. It consists of three factors: cells, chemical substances, and scaffolds. One of its purposes is rejuvenation, and from this point of view, it really resembles anti-aging medicine. Recently, studies concerning stem cells such as embryonic stem cells (ES) and induce pluripotent stem cells (iPS) have made remarkable progress and seem promising, but are still far from clinical use. In contrast, we introduce a few examples of anti-aging medicine using regenerative medicine methods that have been applied successfully in clinical use such as cultured fibroblast, adipose tissue derived stem cells and platelet rich plasma (PRP), and continue researching cultured dermal papilla cells. PMID: 19591293 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] | | | 
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